Ch.13 Interactive glossary

Question 1

A bacterial disease of the blood caused by toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus; characterized by shock and circulatory collapse.

Answer 1

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

Question 2

A bacterial disease of the skin and blood due to Actinobacillus muris (in the U.S.) and transmitted by a rat bite; also called sodoku.

Answer 2

Rat-bite fever

Question 3

A bacterial disease transmitted by animal bites, caused by Pasteurella multocida; characterized by abscess formation at the bite site.

Answer 3

Pasteurellosis

Question 4

A bacterial disease transmitted by contact and caused by Mycobacterium leprae; characterized by destruction of the skin tissues and the peripheral nerves, leading to local anesthesia; also called Hansen disease.

Answer 4

Leprosy

Question 5

A bacterial infection of the urogenital tract, which often causes urethritis or cystitis.

Answer 5

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

Question 6

A boil caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

Answer 6

Furuncle

Question 7

A circular, purplish hard ulcer with a raised margin that occurs during primary syphilis.

Answer 7

Chancre

Question 8

A circumscribed pus-filled lesion characteristic of staphylococcal skin disease.

Answer 8

Abscess

Question 9

A colloquial name for Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Answer 9

Gonococcus

Question 10

A common name for actinomycosis in the jaw, characterized by hard nodules in the tissue.

Answer 10

Lumpy jaw

Question 11

A condition of the wall of the small intestine, characterized by membranous lesions; believed to be caused by Clostridium difficile.

Answer 11

Pseudomembranous colitis

Question 12

A contact disease of the eye caused by Chlamydia trachomatis; characterized by tiny, pale nodules on the conjunctiva, and possibly leading to blindness.

Answer 12

Trachoma

Question 13

A disease caused by organisms commonly found within the body.

Answer 13

Endogenous disease

Question 14

A disease of the conjunctiva of the eye usually caused by bacteria or viruses and accompanied by red, swollen eyes; also called conjunctivitis.

Answer 14

Pinkeye

Question 15

A disease of the pelvic organs; often a complication of a sexually transmitted disease.

Answer 15

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Question 16

A disease usually transmitted through sexual intercourse.

Answer 16

Sexually-transmitted disease (STD)

Question 17

A fungus-like bacterial disease caused by Actinomyces israelii, characterized by draining sinuses of the face and other organs.

Answer 17

Actinomycosis

Question 18

A general term for a condition in which an individual without gonorrhea has a demonstrated inflammation of the urethra.

Answer 18

Nongonococcal urethritis (NGU)

Question 19

A general term for disease of the conjunctiva, the thin mucous membrane that covers the cornea and forms the inner eyelid; also called pinkeye.

Answer 19

Conjunctivitis

Question 20

A general term for infection of the vagina.

Answer 20

Vaginitis

Question 21

A mild syphilis-like disease occurring in remote parts of the world, caused by a species of Treponema.

Answer 21

Yaws

Question 22

A raised pus-filled lesion.

Answer 22

Boil

Question 23

A sexually transmitted bacterial disease of multiple organs, caused by Treponema pallidum and occurring in three stages, characterized by extensive skin lesions, multiple organ involvements, and complications of the nervous and cardiovascular system.

Answer 23

Syphilis

Question 24

A sexually transmitted bacterial disease of the external genital organs caused by Calymmatobacterium granulomatis, characterized by bleeding ulcers and swollen lymph nodes.

Answer 24

Granuloma inguinale

Question 25

A sexually transmitted bacterial disease of the external genital organs caused by Haemophilus ducreyi, characterized by soft, spreading chancres and swollen lymph nodes; also called soft chancre.

Answer 25

Chancroid

Question 26

A sexually transmitted bacterial disease of the external genital organs, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and characterized by swollen lymph nodes.

Answer 26

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

Question 27

A sexually transmitted bacterial disease of the urethra and reproductive organs caused by Chlamydia trachomatis; accompanied by urinary tract symptoms and possible pelvic inflammatory disease, leading to sterility.

Answer 27

Chlamydial urethritis ("Chlamydia")

Question 28

A sexually transmitted bacterial disease of the urethra and reproductive organs caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae; accompanied by urinary tract symptoms and possible pelvic inflammatory disease, leading to sterility.

Answer 28

Gonorrhea

Question 29

A sexually transmitted bacterial disease of the urinary and genital organs caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum, characterized by urinary tract symptoms.

Answer 29

Ureaplasmal urethritis

Question 30

A sexually transmitted disease caused by Mycoplasma hominis and characterized by urinary tract discomfort.

Answer 30

Mycoplasmal urethritis

Question 31

A skin test used in the screening and diagnosis of leprosy.

Answer 31

Lepromin test

Question 32

A soft, granular lesion that forms in the cardiovascular and/or nervous systems during tertiary syphilis.

Answer 32

Gumma

Question 33

A strain of S. aureus displaying resistance to methicillin and a many other available antibiotics.

Answer 33

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Question 34

A tumor-like growth on the skin associated with leprosy.

Answer 34

Leproma

Question 35

An enlarged abscess formed from the union of several smaller abscesses.

Answer 35

Carbuncle

Question 36

An infection contracted as a result of hospitalization.

Answer 36

Nosocomial infection

Question 37

An infection of the eye tissues caused by Chlamydia trachomatis; may occur in newborns from exposure to chlamydiae during birth.

Answer 37

Chlamydial ophthalmia

Question 38

An infectious disease of the lymph channels accompanied by lymph node swellings.

Answer 38

Cat-scratch disease (CSD)

Question 39

An infectious skin disease usually caused by staphylococci or streptococci, characterized by abscesses and boils.

Answer 39

Impetigo

Question 40

An inflammation to the tissues surrounding the teeth.

Answer 40

Periodontal disease (PD)

Question 41

Another term for a nosocomial infection.

Answer 41

Hospital-acquired infection (HAI)

Question 42

Blockage of the fallopian tubes; a possible complication of a sexually transmitted disease.

Answer 42

Salpingitis

Question 43

Deafness, impaired vision, and notched, peg-shaped teeth; may accompany congenital syphilis.

Answer 43

Hutchinson's triad

Question 44

Infection of the eye by Neisseria gonorrhoeae; may occur in newborns exposed during birth.

Answer 44

Gonococcal ophthalmia

Question 45

The infectious, nonreplicating form of Chlamydia trachomatis.

Answer 45

Elementary body

Question 46

The replicating, intracellular, noninfectious form of Chlamydia trachomatis.

Answer 46

Reticulate body

Question 47

The stage of syphilis characterized by the presence of a chancre.

Answer 47

Primary syphilis

Question 48

The stage of syphilis when a skin rash may appear.

Answer 48

Secondary syphilis

Question 49

The stage of syphilis where a gumma is characteristic.

Answer 49

Tertiary syphilis

Question 50

The ulcer produced by the STD chancroid.

Answer 50

Soft chancre