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NASM CPT EXAM STUDY GUIDE > CH.16 CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS AND PHYSICAL OR FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS > Flashcards

CH.16 CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS AND PHYSICAL OR FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS Flashcards

1
Q

REFERS TO CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS B/W AGES 6-20

A

YOUTH

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2
Q

CURRENT RECOMMENDATIONS STATE THAT CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS SHOULD GET HOW MUCH TIME OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DAILY ?

A

60 MINUTES (1 HOUR)

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3
Q

CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS SHOULD ENGAGE IN WHAT DAILY TO IMPROVE THEIR HEALTH AND REDUCE THEIR RISK OF DEVELOPING CHRONIC DISEASE ?

A

ENGAGE IN AEROBIC, MUSCLE STRENGTHENING, AND BONE STRENGTHENING ACTIVITIES DAILY

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4
Q

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR SPORT AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION (NASPE) RECOMMENDS THAT CHILDREN AGES 5-12 GET HOW MANY MINUTES OF EXERCISE ?

A

60 MINUTES AND UP TO SEVERAL HOURS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DAILY

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5
Q

T OR F: OPT MODEL USED WITH YOUTHS, PROGRESS IS SPECIFIC TO THEIR PHYSIOLOGIC CAPABILITIES

A

TRUE

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6
Q

CHILDREN DO NOT TYPICALLY EXHIBIT A PLATEAU IN WHAT AT MAXIMAL EXERCISE ?

A

IN OXYGEN UPTAKE

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7
Q

MORE APPROPRIATE TERM THAN VO2MAX OR MAXIMAL OXYGEN UPTAKE WHEN DEALING WITH CHILDREN

A

PEAK OXYGEN UPTAKE

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8
Q

ADJUSTED FOR BODY WT, PEAK OXYGEN CONSUMPTION IS SIMILAR FOR YOUNG AND MATURE MALE AND HOW FOR FEMALES ?

A

SLIGHTLY HIGHER FOR YOUNG FEMALES (COMPARED W/ MATURE FEMALES)

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9
Q

CHILDREN ARE LESS EFFICIENT AND TEND TO EXERCISE AT HIGHER % OF THEIR PEAK OXYGEN UPTAKE DURING SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE COMPARED TO ADULTS

A

SUBMAXIMAL OXYGEN DEMAND (OR ECONOMY OF MOVEMENT)

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10
Q

CHILDREN DO NOT PRODUCE SUFFICIENT LEVELS OF WHAT TO BE ABLE TO SUSTAIN BOUTS OF HIGH INTENSITY EXERCISE

A

GLYCOLYTIC ENZYMES

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11
Q

CHILDREN HAVE IMMATURE WHAT, INCLUDING BOTH A DELAYED RESPONSE AND LIMITED ABILITY TO SWEAT IN RESPONSE TO HOT, HUMID ENVIRONMENTS ?

A

IMMATURE THERMOREGULATORY SYSTEMS

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12
Q

B/C OF THEIR RELATIVELY HIGH PEAK O2 UPTAKE LEVELS, CHILDREN CAN PERFORM ENDURANCE ACTIVITIES FAIRLY WELL, ENABLING THEM TO TRAIN IN WHAT LEVEL OF OPT MODEL ?

A

STABILIZATION LEVEL (PHASE 1)

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13
Q

CHILDREN DO NOT TOLERATE EXERCISE IN HOT, HUMID ENVIRONMENTS B/C THEY HAVE HIGHER WHAT AND LOWER ABSOLUTE SWEATING RATE WHEN COMPARED TO ADULTS ?

A

HIGHER SUBMAXIMAL O2 DEMANDS

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14
Q

VIGOROUS EXERCISE IN HOT, HUMID ENVIRONMENTS SHOULD BE RESTRICTED FOR CHILDREN TO LESS THAN HOW MUCH TIME, INCLUDING FREQUENT REST PERIODS?

A

LESS THAN 30 MINUTES

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15
Q

CHILDREN ARE AT DISTINCT DISADVANTAGE WHEN PARTICIPATING IN SHORT DURATION (10-90 SECS) HIGH INTENSITY ANAEROBIC ACTIVITIES B/C THEY PRODUCE LESS WHAT THAT ARE REQUIRED TO SUPPORT SUSTAINED ANAEROBIC POWER ?

A

LESS GLYCOLYTIC ENZYMES

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16
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING FOR HEALTH AND FITNESS CONDITIONING IN YOUTH ALSO RESULTS IN LOWER WHAT ?

A

RISK OF INJURY

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17
Q

MOST COMMON INJURIES ASSOCIATED W/ RESISTANCE TRAINING IN YOUTH ARE WHAT, USUALLY ATTRIBUTED TO LACK OF SUPERVISION, POOR TECHNIQUE AND IMPROPER PROGRESSION ?

A

SPRAINS (INJURY TO LIGAMENTS) AND STRAINS (INJURY TO TENDON OR MUSCLE)

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18
Q

UNTRAINED CHILDREN CAN IMPROVE THEIR STRENGTH BY AN AVERAGE OF 30-40% AFTER HOW MANY WEEKS OF PROGRESSIVE RESISTANCE TRAINING ?

A

8 WEEKS

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19
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING IN YOUTH HAS BEEN SHOWN TO IMPROVE WHAT ?

A

MOTOR SKILLS SUCH AS SPRINTING AND JUMPING, BODY COMPOSITION AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY

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20
Q

IMPROVEMENT IN STRENGTH AND PERFORMANCE AFTER RESISTANCE TRAINING PROGRAM IN YOUTH APPEAR TO BE OWING TO WHAT VERSUS MUSCULAR HYPERTROPHY ?

A

NEURAL ADAPTATIONS

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21
Q

PROGRESSION INTO PHASES 2-5 FOR A YOUTH CLIENT SHOULD BE DECIDED ON BASIS OF WHAT ?

A

MATURITY LEVEL, DYNAMIC POSTURAL CONTROL (FLEXIBILITY AND STABILITY) AND HOW THEY HAVE RESPONDED TO TRAINING

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22
Q

AS AMERICAS POPULATION AGES, WE ARE FACED W/ DEALING W/ ISSUES SUCH AS WHAT ?

A

MORTALITY, LONGEVITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE

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23
Q

TYPICAL FORMS OF DEGENERATION ASSOCIATED W/ AGING INCLUDE WHAT ?

A

OSTEOPOROSIS
ARTHRITIS (OSTEOARTHRITIS)
LBP
AND OBESITY

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24
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING FOR YOUTHS; SETS, REPS AND DAYS PER WEEK

A

1-2 SETS
8-1 REPS @40-70%
2-3 DAYS/ WEEK

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25
Q

MODERATE TO VIGOROUS CARDIO EXERCISE TRAINING TIME AND DAYS/WEEK

A

5-7 DAYS/ WEEK

60 MINUTES

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26
Q

GENERAL TERM THAT REFERS TO HARDENING (AND LOSS OF ELASTICITY) OF ARTERIES

A

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS

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27
Q

BUILDUP OF FATTY PLAQUES IN ARTERIES THAT LEADS TO NARROWING AND REDUCED BLOOD FLOW

A

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

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28
Q

GROUP OF DISEASES IN WHICH BLOOD VESSELS BECOME RESTRICTED OR BLOCKED, TYPICALLY AS A RESULT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS

A

PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

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29
Q

MEANING RELATED TO DISEASE

A

PATHOLOGIC

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30
Q

PROCESS OF AGING THAT LEADS TO GREATER RESISTANCE BLOOD FLOW AND HIGHER BP

A

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS

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31
Q

CAUSED LARGELY BY POOR LIFESTYLE CHOICES (SMOKING, OBESITY, SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE, ETC), LEADS TO INCREASED RESISTANCE AND BP

A

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

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32
Q

DISEASE RELATED CAUSE OF HTN, TYPICAL IN ARTERY OF LOWER LEG

A

PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

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33
Q

PREHYPERTENSIVE BP

A

BP B/W 120/80 AND 139/89

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34
Q

T OR F: ALL INDIVIDUALS REGARDLESS OF THEIR AGE WHO HAVE A BP READING OF 140/90 OR HIGHER SHOULD BE REFERRED TO A PHYSICIAN FOR FURTHER EVAL

A

TRUE

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35
Q

NORMAL PHYSIOLOGIC AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED W/ AGING

A 
REDUCTION IN:
MAXIMAL ATTAINABLE HR 
CARDIAC OUTPUT 
MUSCLE MASS 
BALANCE 
COORDINATION (NEUROMUSCULAR EFFICIENCY) 
CONNECTIVE TISSUE ELASTICITY 
BONE MINERAL DENSITY
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36
Q

ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT AND FUNDAMENTAL FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITIES AFFECTED W/ DEGENERATIVE AGING IS WHAT ?

A

WALKING

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37
Q

INDIVIDUALS W/ ONE OR MORE DEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS TEND TO AVOID ENGAGING IN ACTIVITIES SUCH HAS RESISTANCE TRAINING B/C OF WHAT ?

A

FEAR OF INJURY OR FEELINGS ON INADEQUACY

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38
Q

LOSS OF MUSCLE STRENGTH AND NEURAL PROPRIOCEPTION CAN BE SLOWED AND EVEN REVERSED THROUGH WHAT ?

A

PARTICIPATION IN ROUTINE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE

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39
Q

HELP PROVIDE INFO ABOUT AN INDIVIDUALS QUALITY OF MOVEMENT AS WELL AS ABILITY TO PERFORM ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING

A

SENIOR FITNESS TEST

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40
Q

IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION W/ OLDER ADULTS B/C THEY TEND TO LOSE ELASTICITY OF THEIR CONNECTIVE TISSUE WHICH REDUCES MOVEMENT AND INCREASES RISK OF INJURY

A

FLEXIBILITY ASSESSMENT AND TRAINING

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41
Q

WHAT TYPE OF STRETCHING IS ADVISED FOR OLDER ADULTS

A

SELF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE AND STATIC STRETCHING

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42
Q

RECOMMENDED FOR SENIORS TO HELP CLIENT TO START MOVING THEIR JOINTS DURING WARM UP

A

SIMPLE FORMS OF ACTIVE OR DYNAMIC STRETCHING

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43
Q

APPROPRIATE LEVELS OF CARDIO TRAINING FOR SENIOR POPULATION

A

STAGES 1 AND STAGES 2

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44
Q

WHAT PHASE OF OPT MODEL WILL BE APPLICABLE TO SENIOR POPULATION AND SHOULD BE PROGRESSED SLOWLY, WITH EMPHASIS ON STABILIZATION TRAINING (CORE, BALANCE, AND PROGRESSION TO STANDING RESISTANCE EXERCISE) ?

A

PHASE 1

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45
Q

INITIAL EXERCISE LOADS FOR SENIORS, DAYS/WEEK, DURATION AND INTENSITY

A

SHOULD BE LOW AND PROGRESSED MORE GRADUALLY TO 3-5 DAYS/ WEEK
20-45 MINS 45-80% OF PEAK

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46
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING RECOMMENDED FOR SENIORS; SETS, REPS AND LENGTH

A

2-1-3 SETS OF 8-10 EXERCISES
8-20 REPS
20-30 MINS

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47
Q

CARDIO OPTIONS FOR SENIORS

A

STATIONARY OR RECUMBENT CYCLING, AQUATIC EXERCISE, OR TREADMILL WITH HANDRAIL SUPPORT

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48
Q

BASIC EXERCISE FREQUENCY FOR SENIORS

A

3-5 DAYS/ WEEK MODERATE INTENSITY OR

3 DAYS/WEEK OF VIGOROUS INTENSITY

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49
Q

BASIC EXERCISE INTENSITY FOR SENIORS

A

40-85% OF VO2 PEAK

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50
Q

BASIC EXERCISE DURATION FOR SENIORS

A

30-60 MINS/DAY OR

8-10 MINS BOUTS

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51
Q

BASIC EXERCISE MOVEMENT ASSESSMENT FOR SENIORS

A

PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT OR
SITTING AND STANDING INTO CHAIR
SINGLE LEG BALANCE

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52
Q

BASIC EXERCISE FLEXIBILITY FOR SENIORS

A

SELF MYOFASCIALRELEASE AND STATIC STRETCHING

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53
Q

DURING BASIC EXERCISE, IF A SENIOR CANNOT TOLERATE SMR OR STATIC STRETCHES B/C OF OTHER CONDITIONS, THEY CAN PERFORM WHAT ?

A

RHYTHMIC ACTIVE OR DYNAMIC STRETCHES

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54
Q

CONDITION OF SUBCUTANEOUS FAT EXCEEDING THE AMOUNT OF LEAN BODY MASS

A

OBESITY

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55
Q

FASTEST GROWING HEALTH PROBLEM IN AMERICA AS WELL AS IN ALL OTHER INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES

A

OBESITY

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56
Q

APPROX. WHAT % OF AMERICANS ARE OVERWEIGHT ?

A

34% (APPROX. 72 MILLION)

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57
Q

COMPLEX DISEASE, ASSOCIATED W/ VARIETY OF CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS AS WELL AS EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS

A

OBESITY

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58
Q

USED TO ESTIMATE HEALTHY BODY WT RANGES BASED ON A PERSONS HT

A

BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)

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59
Q

DEFINED AS TOTAL BODY WT IN KG DIVIDED BY HT IN METERS SQUARED

A

BMI

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60
Q

BMI DOES NOT ACTUALLY MEASURE BODY COMPOSITION, OTHER TECHNIQUES SUCH AS WHAT MAY BE PERFORMED TO ASSIST IN DEVELOPING REALISTIC WT LOSS GOALS AND TO HELP PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO CLIENTS

A

SKIN FOLD OR CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENTS

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61
Q

AVOIDED FOR OBESE INDIVIDUALS B/C ASSESSING BODY FAT CAN BE SENSITIVE SITUATION

A

SKIN FOLD CALIPERS

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62
Q

NORMAL LIMITS BMI

A

18.5-24.9

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63
Q

OVERWEIGHT BMI RANGE

A

25 - 29.9

64
Q

OBESE BMI

A

30 OR GREATER

65
Q

PRIMARY CAUSE PROBLEM OF OBESITY

A

ENERGY BALANCE (TOO MANY CALORIES CONSUMED AND TOO FEW EXPANDED)

66
Q

ADULTS WHO REMAIN SEDENTARY THROUGHOUT LIFE SPAN WILL LOSE HOW MUCH MUSCLE AND ADD HOW MUCH FAT PER DECADE ?

A

LOSE APPROX. 5 LBS OF MUSCLE PER DECADE

GAIN 15 LBS OF FAT PER DECADE

67
Q

AVERAGE ADULT WILL EXPERIENCE A 15% FAT FREE MASS (FFM) B/W WHAT AGES ?

A

30-80

68
Q

T OR F: THEIR IS A CORRELATION B/W BODY WT AND MECHANICS OF THEIR GAIT

A

TRUE

69
Q

EXERCISE TRAINING FOR OBESE CLIENTS SHOULD FOCUS PRIMARILY ON WHAT ?

A

ENERGY EXPENDITURE, BALANCE, AND PROPRIOCEPTIVE TRAINING TO HELP EXPAND CALORIES AND IMPROVE THEIR BALANCE AND GAIT

70
Q

MORE CALORIES ARE POTENTIALLY EXPANDED BY PERFORMING EXERCISES HOW ?

A

PROPRIOCEPTIVELY ENRICHED ENVIRONMENT (CONTROLLED, UNSTABLE) , BODY IS FORCED TO RECRUIT MORE MUSCLES TO STABILIZE ITSELF

71
Q

FOR EFFECTIVE WT LOSS, OBESE CLIENTS SHOULD EXPAND HOW MANY CALORIES PER EXERCISE SESSION ?

A

200-300 KCAL (CALORIES)

72
Q

FOR OBESE CLIENT, MINIMUM WEEKLY GOAL OF CALORIES OF ENERGY EXPENDITURE FROM COMBINED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE

A

1250 KCAL

73
Q

FOR OBESE CLIENT, THE INITIAL EXERCISE ENERGY EXPENDITURE GOAL SHOULD BE PROGRESSIVELY INCREASED TO HOW MANY CALORIES PER WEEK ?

A

2000 KCAL/WEEK

74
Q

FOR AN OBESE CLIENT, RESISTANCE TRAINING CAN GRADUALLY BE ADDED TO ANY EXERCISE PROGRAM DESIGNED TO PROMOTE WT LOSS, BUT WHAT SHALL REMAIN A PRIORITY ?

A

SUSTAINED LONG TERM AEROBIC ENDURANCE ACTIVITIES

75
Q

T OR F: CIRCUIT STYLE RESISTANCE TRAINING, WHEN COMPARED TO WALKING AT A FAST PACE, PRODUCES NEARLY IDENTICAL CALORIC EXPENDITURE RATES IN THE SAME GIVEN SPAN

A

TRUE

76
Q

IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF ANY WT LOSS PROGRAM B/C IT HELPS INCREASE LEAN BODY MASS, WHICH EVENTUALLY RESULTS IN HIGHER METABOLIC RATE AND IMPROVED BODY COMPOSITION

A

RESISTANCE TRAINING

77
Q

WHAT TYPE OF ASSESSMENT MAY BE MORE APPROPRIATE FOR AN OBESE CLIENT RATHER THAN A SINGLE LEG SQUAT ?

A

SINGLE LEG BALANCE

78
Q

USED WITH CAUTION OR EVEN AVOIDED OR PERFORMED AT HOME W/ OBESE CLIENTS ?

A

SELF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE

79
Q

IMPORTANT FOR OBESE CLIENTS B/C THEY LACK BALANCE AND WALKING SPEED

A

CORE AND BALANCE TRAINING

80
Q

WHAT PHASE OF OPT MODEL WILL BE APPROPRIATE FOR OBESE POPULATION

A

PHASES 1 AND 2 `

81
Q

WHAT IS RECOMMENDED TO OBESE CLIENTS TO DECREASE ORTHOPEDIC STRESS ?

A

ENGAGE IN WT SUPPORTED EXERCISE (CYCLING OR SWIMMING)

82
Q

INITIAL PROGRAMMING FOR OBESE CLIENT; DURATION AND FREQUENCY

A

LOW INTENSITY, PROGRESSION IN EXERCISE DURATION (UP TO 60 MINS AS TOLERABLE)
5-7 DAYS/ WEEK

83
Q

EXERCISE INTENSITY FOR OBESE CLIENT

A

NO GREATER THAN 60-80% OF WORK CAPACITY

84
Q

WHAT CAN YOU USE TO DETERMINE EXERTION IN AN OBESE CLIENT ?

A

TALK TEST

85
Q

DURATION OF EXERCISE FOR OVERWEIGHT OR OBESE CLIENT

A

40-60 MINS/ DAY

20-30 MINS SESSIONS TWICE EACH DAY

86
Q

ASSESSMENT OF BASIC EXERCISE FOR OVERWEIGHT OR OBESE CLIENT

A

PUSH, PULL, SQUAT

SINGLE LEG BALANCE (IF TOLERATED)

87
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING FOR OVERWEIGHT OR OBESE CLIENT; SETS, REPS AND FREQUENCY

A

1-3 SETS
10-15 REPS
2-3 DAYS/ WEEK

88
Q

PHASES 1 AND 2 WILL BE APPROPRIATE FOR AN OVERWT OR OBESE CLIENT LOOKING TO LOSE WT IF PERFORMED HOW ?

A

CIRCUIT TRAINING MANNER (HIGH REPS SUCH AS 20)

89
Q

CHRONIC METABOLIC DISORDER, CAUSED BY INSULIN DEFICIENCY, WHICH IMPAIRS CARBOHYDRATE USAGE AND ENHANCES USAGE OF FAT AND PROTEIN

A

DIABETES

90
Q

BODY DOES NOT PRODUCE ENOUGH INSULIN

A

TYPE 1 DIABETES

91
Q

BODY CANNOT RESPOND NORMALLY TO INSULIN THAT IS MADE

A

TYPE 2 DIABETES

92
Q

SEVENTH LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN US, AND IS ASSOCIATED W/ GREATER RISK FOR HEART DISEASE, HYPERTENSION, AND ADULT ONSET BLINDNESS

A

DIABETES

93
Q

PEOPLE WHO DEVELOP DIABETES BEFORE THE AGE OF 30 ARE HOW MANY TIMES MORE LIKELY TO DIE BY AGE 40

A

20 TIMES

94
Q

INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES

A

TYPE 1

95
Q

NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES

A

TYPE 2

96
Q

T OR F: SOME INDIVIDUALS W/ TYPE 2 DIABETES CANNOT MANAGE THEIR BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AND DO REQUIRE ADDITIONAL INSULIN

A

TRUE

97
Q

TYPE 2 DIABETES IS STRONGLY ASSOCIATED W/ AN INCREASE IN WHAT ?

A

CHILDHOOD AND ADULT ONSET OBESITY

98
Q

TYPE OF DIABETES TYPICALLY DIAGNOSED IN CHILDREN’S, TEENAGERS OR YOUNG ADULTS

A

TYPE 1 DIABETES

99
Q

TYPE OF DIABETES WHERE SPECIALIZED CELLS IN PANCREASES CALLED BETA CELLS STOP PRODUCING INSULIN, CAUSING BGL TO RISE RESULTING IN HYPERGLYCEMIA

A

TYPE 1 DIABETES

100
Q

TO CONTROL HIGH LEVELS OF BGL, INDIVIDUAL WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MUST INJECT WHAT TO COMPENSATE FOR WHAT THE PANCREAS CANNOT PRODUCE ?

A

INSULIN

101
Q

EXERCISE INCREASE THE RATE AT WHICH CELLS UTILIZE WHAT, WHICH MAY MEAN INSULIN LEVELS MAY NEED TO BE ADJUSTED WITH EXERCISE ?

A

GLUCOSE

102
Q

TYPE OF DIABETES WHERE THEY USUALLY PRODUCE ADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF INSULIN; HOWEVER THEIR CELLS ARE RESISTANT TO INSULIN (INSULIN PRESENT CANNOT TRANSFER ADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF BLOOD SUGAR INTO CELL)

A

TYPE 2 DIABETES

103
Q

TYPE 1 DIABETES CAN LEAD TO WHAT ?

A

HYPERGLYCEMIA

104
Q

TYPE 2 DIABETES CAN LEAD TO WHAT ?

A

HYPOGLYCEMIA

105
Q

CHRONIC WHAT IS ASSOCIATED W/ # OF DISEASES ASSOCIATED W/ DAMAGE TO KIDNEYS, HEART, NERVES, EYES AND CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

A

HYPERGLYCEMIA

106
Q

MOST IMPORTANT GOALS OF EXERCISE FOR INDIVIDUALS W/ EITHER TYPE OF DIABETES

A

GLUCOSE CONTROL AND WT LOSS

107
Q

EXERCISE TRAINING HAS A SIMILAR ACTION TO INSULIN BY ENHANCING WHAT ?

A

UPTAKE OF CIRCULATING GLUCOSE BY EXERCISING SKELETAL MUSCLE

108
Q

RESEARCH HAS SHOWN THAT EXERCISE IMPROVES A VARIETY OF GLUCOSE MEASURES INCLUDING WHAT ?

A

TISSUE SENSITIVITY
IMPROVED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE
DECREASE IN INSULIN REQUIREMENTS

109
Q

EXERCISE MANAGEMENT GOALS FOR INDIVIDUALS W/ DIABETES ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE FOR WHAT ?

A

PHYSICAL INACTIVITY AND EXCESS BODY WT

110
Q

FOR A CLIENT WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES, WHY IS DAILY EXERCISE RECOMMENDED ?

A

MORE STABLE GLUCOSE MANAGEMENT AND MAXIMAL CALORIC EXPENDITURE

111
Q

FOR A CLIENT W/ DIABETES FLEXIBILITY EXERCISE MAY BE SUGGESTED BUT WHAT MAY BE CONTRAINDICATED FOR ANYONE W/ PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY ?

A

SELF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE

112
Q

LOSS OF PROTECTIVE SENSATION IN FEET AND LEGS

A

PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY

113
Q

PHASE OF OPT MODEL APPROPRIATE FOR DIABETES CLIENTS ?

A

PHASE 1 AND 2

114
Q

WHAT TYPE OF TRAINING MAY BE INAPPROPRIATE FOR A DIABETIC CLIENT ?

A

PLYOMETRIC TRAINING

115
Q

FOR A CLIENT W/ TYPE 2 DIABETES A TRAINING PROGRAM SHOULD TARGET A WEEKLY CALORIC GOAL OF HOW MANY CALORIES ?

A

1000-2000 KCAL

116
Q

T OR F: HYPOGLYCEMIA MAY OCCUR SEVERAL HOURS AFTER EXERCISE AS WELL AS DURING EXERCISE

A

TRUE

117
Q

FOR THOSE RECENTLY DIAGNOSED W/ DIABETES THEIR GLUCOSE SHOULD BE MEASURED WHEN ?

A

BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER EXERCISE

118
Q

CLIENTS TAKING WHAT MEDICATIONS MAY BE UNABLE TO RECOGNIZE S/S OF HYPOGLYCEMIA

A

B-BLOCKING MEDS

119
Q

SOME REDUCTION IN WHAT AND INCREASE IN WHAT MAY BE NECESSARY AND PROPORTIONATE TO EXERCISE INTENSITY AND DURATION ?

A

INSULIN REDUCTION

CARBOHYDRATE INTAKE INCREASE

120
Q

A DIABETIC PERFORMING EXERCISE IN EXCESSIVE HEAT MAY MASK SIGNS OF WHAT ?

A

HYPOGLYCEMIA

121
Q

INITIAL EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION FOR DIABETIC

A

LOW INTENSITY; NO GREATER THAN 50-90% WORK CAPACITY
DURATION - UP TO 60 MINS AS TOLERABLE
FREQUENCY- 5-7 DAYS/WEEK

122
Q

DIABETICS ARE INCREASED RISK FOR RETINOPATHY WHICH IS WHAT ?

A

DISEASE OF RETINA WHICH CAUSES IMPAIRMENT OR LOSS OF VISION

123
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING GUIDELINES FOR DIABETICS (SETS, REPS, FREQUENCY)

A

1-3 SETS
8-10 EXERCISE
10-15 REPS
2-3 DAYS/WEEK

124
Q

MAY INCREASE RISK FOR GAIT ABNORMALITIES AND INFECTION FROM FOOT BLISTERS THAT MAY GO UNNOTICED

A

PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY

125
Q

FOR A DIABETIC STAGE 1 CARDIO TRAINING (MAY BE ADJUSTED TO 40-70% OF MAX HR IF NEEDED) PROGRESSING TO STAGES 2 & 3 BASED ON WHAT ?

A

PHYSICIANS APPROVAL

126
Q

ASSESSMENT FOR DIABETIC CLIENT

A

PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT

SINGLE LEG BALANCE OR SINGLE LEG SQUAT

127
Q

CONSISTENTLY ELEVATED ARTERIAL BP, WHICH IF SUSTAINED AT HIGH ENOUGH LEVEL, IS LIKELY TO INDUCE CARDIOVASCULAR OR END ORGAN DAMAGE

A

HYPERTENSION

128
Q

PRESSURE EXERTED BY BLOOD AGAINST WALLS OF BLOOD VESSELS, ESPECIALLY ARTERIES

A

BLOOD PRESSURE

129
Q

A BP CARIES WITH WHAT ?

A

STRENGTH OF HEARTBEAT
ELASTICITY OF ARTERIAL WALLS
VOLUME AND VISCOSITY OF BLOOD
AGE,HEALTH AND PHYSICAL CONDITION

130
Q

HTN IS COMMON MEDICAL DISORDER IN WHICH ARTERIAL BP REMAINS ABNORMALLY HIGH AT WHAT MEASUREMENT ?

A

RESTING SYSTOLIC GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 140

DIASTOLIC GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 90

131
Q

PREHYPERTENSIVE RESTING BP

A

B/W 120/80 AND 135/85

132
Q

AHA NORMAL BP

A

LESS THAN 120/80

133
Q

MOST COMMON CAUSES OF HTN

A

SMOKING
DIET HIGH IN FAT (SATURATED FAT)
EXCESSIVE WT

134
Q

HEALTH RISK OF HTN

A

STROKE
CVD
HEART FAILURE
KIDNEY FAILURE

135
Q

RESEARCH HAS SHOWN THAT EXERCISE CAN HAVE A MODEST IMPACT ON LOWERING BP BY AN AVERAGE OF WHAT FOR BOTH SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC ?

A

10 MMHG

136
Q

T OR F: LOW TO MODERATE INTENSE CARDIO EXERCISE HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE JUST AS EFFECTIVE AS HIGH INTENSITY ACTIVITY IN REDUCING BP

A

TRUE

137
Q

PT’S SHOULD EVALUATE A HTN CLIENTS HR RESPONSE TO EXERCISE, AS MEASURED DURING WHAT >

A

SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE TEST OR EVEN DURING A SIMPLE ASSESSMENT OF HR DURING COMFORTABLE EXERCISE LOAD

138
Q

WHAT POSITIONS CAN OFTEN INCREASE BP ?

A

SUPINE OR PRONE (ESPECIALLY WHEN HEAD IS LOWER IN ELEVATION THAN HEART)

139
Q

MANEUVER IN WHICH PERSON TRUES TO EXHALE FORCIBLY W/ A CLOSED GLOTTIS (WINDPIPE) SO THAT NO AIR EXITS THROUGH THE MOUTH OR NOSE (EX: LIFTING HEAVY WT)

A

VALSALVA MANEUVER

140
Q

IMPEDES RETURN OF VENOUS BLOOD TO HEART

A

VALSALVA MANEUVER

141
Q

WHEN DEALING WITH A HTN CLIENT, EXERCISE SHOULD BE PERFORMED HOW IF POSSIBLE ?

A

SEATED OR STANDING

142
Q

HTN CLIENTS MAY USE THE FULL FLEXIBILITY CONTINUUM; WHICH MAY BE THE EASIEST AND SAFEST ?

A

STATIC AND ACTIVE STRETCHING

143
Q

CARDIO ENDURANCE TRAINING SHOULD FOCUS ON STAGE 1 AND PROGRESS ONLY AFTER WHAT ?

A

PHYSICIANS APPROVAL

144
Q

FOR A HTN CLIENT, CORE EXERCISE ARE PREFERRED HOW ?

A

STANDING POSITION

145
Q

A CLIENT WITH HTN SHOULD PERFORM RESISTANCE TRAINING IN WHAT POSITION ?

A

SEATED OR STANDING

146
Q

WHAT PHASE OF OPT MODEL IS APPROPRIATE FOR HTN CLIENT ?

A

PHASES 1 AND 2, SHOULD BE PROGRESSED SLOWLY

147
Q

RECOMMENDED THAT TRAINING PROGRAM FOR A HTN CLIENT SHOULD BE PERFORMED HOW ?

A

CIRCUIT STYLE OR PERIPHERAL HEART ACTION (PHA) TRAINING SYSTEM TO DISTRIBUTE BLOOD FLOW TB/W UPPER AND LOWER EXTREMITIES

148
Q

PT’S SHOULD ALWAYS ENSURE CLIENTS W/ HTN TO TRY AND BREATH NORMAL AND AVOID WHAT ?

A

VALSALVA MANEUVER OR OVERGRIPPING (SQUEEZING TOO TIGHT); CAN DRAMATICALLY INCREASE BP

149
Q

AEROBIC EXERCISE PARAMETERS FOR HTN CLIENT

A

LOW INTENSITY (50-85% OF WORK CAPACITY)
MIN. 3-5 DAYS/WEEK
20-45 MINS/ DAY
IF WT LOSS DESIRED - INCREASE IN OVERALL VOLUME OF EXERCISE

150
Q

EXERCISE FOR A HTN CLIENT SHOULD TARGET A WEEKLY CALORIC GOAL OF HOW MANY CALORIES ?

A

1500-2000 KCAL

151
Q

SOME MEDICATIONS SUCH AS WHAT FOR HTN WILL ATTENUATE (REDUCE) HR AT REST AND ITS RESPONSE TO EXERCISE

A

B-BLOCKER MEDS

152
Q

FOR CLIENTS W/ HTN TAKING MEDS THAT WILL INFLUENCE HR, USE ACTUAL HR RESPONSE OR WHAT TEST ?

A

TALK TEST

153
Q

ACCEPTED BP CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR EXERCISE IS WHAT ?

A

200/115

154
Q

BASIC EXERCISE ASSESSMENT FOR HTN CLIENT

A

PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT

SINGLE LEG BALANCE (IF TOLERATED)

155
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING PARAMETERS FOR HTN CLIENT (SETS, REPS, FREQUENCY, TEMPO)

A

1-3 SETS
10-20 REPS
2-3 DAYS/ WEEK
TEMPO: SHOULD NOT EXCEED 1 SEC FOR ISOMETRIC AND CONCENTRIC PORTIONS (4/1/1)

NASM CPT EXAM STUDY GUIDE (27 decks)

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