Ch2

Question 1

Two largest source of artificial radiation

Answer 1

Radiography and Fluoroscopy
Computed Tomography (CT) procedures

Question 2

Medical radiation annual EFD averages about

Answer 2

2.3 msv

Question 3

• Consumer products containing radioactive material
  > Air travel
  > Nuclear fuel for generation of power
  > Atmospheric fallout from nuclear weapons testing
  > Nuclear power plant accidents)
  > Nuclear power plant

Answer 3

Human made artificial radiation

Question 4

Terrestrial radiation
internal radiation and
cosmic radiation
are all examples of

Answer 4

Natural radiation

Question 5

(e.g., radon, thoron) 2.5 mSv (Radon
accounts for nearly all of the natural background radiation, a decay product of radium)

Answer 5

Terrestrial radiation

Question 6

from radioactive atoms (also called
radionuclides

0.3 mSv

Answer 6

Internal radiation

Question 7

(solar and galactic) 0.3 mSv
The global population is mostly shielded from this due to the
atmosphere and the earths magnetic field.

Answer 7

Cosmic radiation

Question 8

(solar and galactic) 0.3 mSv
The global population is mostly shielded from this due to the
atmosphere and the earths magnetic field.

Answer 8

Cosmic radiation

Question 9

If ionizing radiation from natural resources grows larger because of accidental or deliberate human actions such as mining radioactive elements,

Answer 9

Enhance natural sources

Question 10

Approximately 50 to 55% of total annual radiation

Answer 10

Natural radiation

Question 11

3.1 msv anually

Answer 11

 Natural radiation

Question 12

Approximately 45 to 50% Of radiation annually

Answer 12

Human made artificial radiation

Question 13

Annual does from human artificial made radiation is approximately

Answer 13

0.1 msv

Question 14

Annual total dose for all medical human made a natural radiation is approximate

Answer 14

5.5 msv

Question 15

Ionizing radiation primary cause

Answer 15

Biologic damages

Question 16

Produced by ionizing radiation while penetrating body tissue primarily by ejecting electrons from atoms composed tissues

Answer 16

Biologic damage

Question 17

Results of destructive radiation interaction at atomic level 3 types

Answer 17

Molecule cellular organic

Question 18

the dose for all ( overall) types of ionizing radiation (e.g., alpha, beta,
gamma, ×-ray)

Measured in millisievert msv

Answer 18

Effective dose

Question 19

8000 times lighter than alpha particles and haveonly one unit of electric charge (-1
- penetrate matter yo a greater depth

Weaker particle

Answer 19

Beta ray

Question 20

Type of ionizing radiation that was absorbed

Measured in MSV

Answer 20

Equivalent dose EQD

Question 21

Amount of kinetic energy per unit Mass that has been absorbed in a material 

Measured in milligray MGY

Answer 21

Absorbed dose

Question 22

Same number of protons different number of neutrons

Answer 22

Isotope

Question 23

Combinations of Z protons And some neutron leads to unstable nucleus

Answer 23

Radioisotope

Question 24

Beta particles produced in a radiation oncology treatment machine

Used to treat breast tumors and skin lesions 

Answer 24

Linear accelerator

Question 25

Less than 2MEV

Answer 25

Beta particles

Question 26

Emitted from nuclei of very heavy elements such as uranium and plutonium during the process of radioactive decay -Have a large mass (approximately four times the mass of a hydrogen atom) and a positive charge twice that of an electron

Answer 26

Alpha particles 

Question 27

alpha particles, beta particles, neutrons, and protons All these are - possess sufficient kinetic energy to be capable of causing ionization by direct atomic collision. • No ionization occurs when the particles are at rest.

Answer 27

Subatomic particle

Question 28

Amount of energy transferred to electrons by ionizing radiation

Answer 28

Radiation dose

Question 29

(x-rays, gamma rays, and high- energy ultraviolet radiation [energy higher than 10 eV can transfer sufficient energy to some orbital electrons to remove ther from the atoms to which they were attached (the process of ionization, the foundation of the interaction of x-rays with human tissue),

Answer 29

ionizing radiation

Question 30

(ultraviolet radiation [energy less than 10 eVl, visible light, infrared rays,microwaves, and radio waves) does not have sufficient kinetic energy to eject electrons from atoms.

Answer 30

Non-ionizing radiation