ch23 - Facility Design, Layout, and Organization Flashcards
(200 cards)
1
Q
What are the four phases of new strength and conditioning facility design?
A
Predesign, Design, Construction, and Preoperation
2
Q
What are the main objectives of the predesign phase?
A
Needs analysis, feasibility study, and master plan formation
3
Q
What is the purpose of a needs analysis in the predesign phase?
A
To determine the needs of the athletic program
4
Q
What are some examples of questions asked during a needs analysis?
A
“How much space do you need?” and “What needs to fit into the allotted space?”
5
Q
What type of analysis is part of the feasibility study?
A
SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats)
6
Q
What is the goal of the feasibility study?
A
To ensure that the financial investment will yield a viable and sustainable return
7
Q
What should the master plan include?
A
Building and construction plan, facility design, budget information, and an operational plan
8
Q
What is the last step of the predesign phase?
A
Hiring an architect
9
Q
Why is it important to select an architect with previous experience in the strength and conditioning industry if possible?
A
They have a positive reputation based on previous work and can help meet the administration’s and coaches’ goals
10
Q
What is the second phase in the process of building a new facility?
A
Design phase
11
Q
What happens during the design phase?
A
The committee’s ideas come together regarding the facility’s structure and design elements
12
Q
What is extremely important to plan around during the design phase?
A
The flow of the facility while adhering to all relevant regulations and codes
13
Q
Where can you find local guidelines and codes for facility design?
A
The city planning department
14
Q
Who should be included in the finalized design committee?
A
Strength and conditioning professionals with experience in facility production and design
15
Q
What needs to be considered in the blueprint and design during the design phase?
A
Equipment specifications
16
Q
What is one of the more important aspects of designing the facility in relation to how effectively people can move?
A
Traffic flow
17
Q
How can the flow of traffic allow coaches or supervisors to have a clear view of the whole floor?
A
By arranging equipment to create clear sight lines
18
Q
Where can low machines and dumbbell racks be placed to create a space with a clear view in the middle of the room?
A
In the center
19
Q
What is the longest phase of the new facility design process?
A
Construction phase
20
Q
What should the committee continually refer to during the construction phase?
A
The master plan
21
Q
What must become a priority during the construction phase in relation to the timeline?
A
Keeping the project on track in relation to the deadline
22
Q
What costs may have to be borne by the builder or architect if deadlines are not met during construction?
A
Costs of delays
23
Q
What is the preoperation phase?
A
The final steps before the facility can open
24
Q
What are some steps included in the preoperation phase?
A
Finishing interior decor, hiring qualified staff, creating a plan for staff development, creating a plan for administrative and clerical duties
25
What is the minimum required certification for strength and conditioning professionals according to NCAA legislation?
Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialists
26
Why is it vital to create a plan that will make opening the facility easy during the preoperation phase?
To ensure duties such as cleaning and maintenance are delegated and organized
27
What should be created to organize work related to matters such as liability insurance, scheduling, and budgeting?
A plan for administrative and clerical duties
28
How is modifying an existing strength and conditioning facility similar to designing a new facility?
It involves similar planning steps, minus the process of building from the ground up
29
What members of a committee for a new facility may not be necessary for a committee modifying an existing facility?
A contractor and architect
30
What should still be a focus when modifying an existing facility, even if strength and conditioning professionals continue to work there?
Standards, education, professionalism, and staff development
31
What should the strength and conditioning professional assess in an existing facility?
Existing equipment based on the needs of all athletes and teams
32
What is one of the more important considerations in building a strength and conditioning facility?
The needs and requirements of the athletes and athletic program
33
What factors can affect the design of a facility when assessing athletic program needs?
The number of athletes, coaches' philosophies, athletes' ages and training experience, athletes' schedules, and available equipment
34
Why is the number of athletes an important consideration for facility size?
It greatly influences the facility size based on the number of athletes using it at the same time and the total number who use it per day, week, and season
35
Who will specify how many athletes can be allowed to use the facility at one time?
The city's planning department, based on regulations like fire codes
36
What do the training goals of coaches or athletes affect?
Which equipment is chosen for the facility
37
If a coach wants athletes to focus on plyometrics and agility, what will the facility need?
An area (turf or field) designated for this purpose
38
How can the demographics of the users be important when determining equipment needs?
A facility with primarily older populations may not need as much free weight equipment as machines, while a collegiate setting may group equipment for simultaneous use
39
How does assessing the training experience of athletes help the strength and conditioning professional?
It helps devise training plans, which dictates needed equipment
40
How might training vary according to the experience of the athlete?
Athletes with no previous lifting experience may do more body-weight exercises than advanced athletes
41
What should be done with existing equipment that has issues such as holes, cuts, or missing pieces?
It should be repaired or replaced
42
What is the recommended minimum amount of space per athlete in a strength and conditioning facility?
100 square feet (9.3 m²) per participant
43
Where should a strength and conditioning facility ideally be located?
On the ground floor away from offices and classrooms
44
If a facility is not on the ground floor, what must the floor be able to support?
Heavy equipment and equipment that is dropped
45
What is the recommended load-bearing capacity of the floor if the facility is not on the ground floor?
At least 100 pounds per square foot (488 kg/m²)
46
Where should the facility supervisor's station or office be located?
In a central location with a clear line of sight
47
How can mirrors help the supervisor?
They provide the opportunity to look out and see everyone
48
How can a supervisor get a better view of the weight room floor?
By placing the office at an elevation over the floor
49
How should the facility be accessible to people with disabilities if there is a change in height exceeding 0.5 inches (13 mm)?
With either a ramp or a wheelchair lift
50
What is the recommended run for a ramp for every 1-inch rise (2.5 cm rise)?
12 inches (30.5 cm)
51
What should steps have on the edge to help prevent anyone from falling?
A rough strip
52
Why should a weight room have double doors?
So that large equipment and machines can be moved in and out
53
What is the recommended ceiling height for a strength and conditioning facility?
12 to 14 feet (3.66 m to 4.27 m)
54
Why is a high ceiling important?
To accommodate jumping or explosive activities
55
What are some common flooring options for a strength and conditioning facility?
Rubber flooring and antifungal carpet
56
What type of flooring is useful if the strength and conditioning professional plans to have people do plyometric, agility, or conditioning exercises?
Indoor turf
57
Why is turf a good surface for ground-based movements and sled pushes?
It is suitable for these activities
58
What type of flooring can be easier to clean, although usually more expensive?
Rubber flooring
59
What forms is rubber flooring typically available in?
Rolls, insert tiles, and a poured surface
60
What should weightlifting platforms ideally have?
A middle portion made of wood and outer sections made of rubber
61
Why is the wood portion of a weightlifting platform important?
It creates a safe lifting surface for weightlifting movements because wood does not allow shoes to get caught or slide
62
What should the facility's lighting include?
Artificial and natural lighting
63
What is the recommended range for artificial light lumens?
Between 50 and 100 lumens, depending on ceiling height and natural light
64
How can mirrors enhance the amount of natural light that comes into a facility?
By reflecting it to spots where natural light is not present
65
What is a comfortable training temperature range for a strength and conditioning facility?
Between 68F and 78F (20−25 C), with optimal operation suggested between 72F and 78F (22−25 C)
66
What can happen if the facility is too hot or too cold?
The athletes may be uncomfortable, and the quality of training will be affected
67
What should relative humidity not exceed in a space where there is physical activity?
60%
68
Why is it important to monitor relative humidity?
To prevent bacterial and microbial growth, avoiding the spread of infections and disease
69
What systems can provide necessary air circulation in a facility?
An HVAC system, a fresh air exchange system, and ceiling or box fans
70
How often should the air be exchanged to prevent odors caused by stagnant air?
Anywhere from 8 to 12 times per hour
71
What is a general guideline for the number of fans needed per 1,200 square feet (111.5 m²)?
Two to four fans
72
What is a consideration for installing a sound system in a facility?
Speaker volume and placement
73
What should the sound level be less than so that athletes can hear instructions and cues?
90 decibels
74
Where should speakers be placed to prevent damage and project sound effectively?
Elevated and in a corner
75
What can sound-absorbing material be used for in a facility?
To prevent excess noise from reaching others in the facility, especially in rooms with yoga or dance classes
76
What can absorbent rubber flooring be used for?
To mute noise caused by people jumping, running, or dropping things
77
Why does a strength and conditioning facility typically require more outlets than other buildings?
Some outlets may require relatively higher voltage for more powerful equipment
78
What is necessary to ensure athlete safety in the event of an electrical short?
Ground-fault circuits
79
How can mirrors be used as a coaching tool?
They provide immediate visual feedback to the athlete if racks and platforms are placed correctly
80
How can mirrors enhance a room aesthetically?
By making it feel larger than it really is by reflecting light
81
What is the recommended minimum distance between mirrors and any equipment?
At least 6 inches (15 cm)
82
What is the recommended minimum height between the floor and the bottom of mirrors?
A minimum of 20 inches (51 cm)
83
What is the standard diameter of a weight plate?
18 inches (46 cm)
84
Where should drinking fountains be located?
Away from the training area and should not interrupt traffic flow
85
What is a positive addition to a strength and conditioning facility that ensures cleaning up after a workout is convenient?
Having a shower located somewhere in the building
86
Why is good hygiene important in a facility?
For preventing the spread of infections and disease
87
What is required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) regarding phones in a facility?
There should be at least one phone accessible to persons in wheelchairs
88
Where should the accessible phone ideally be located for emergencies?
At the front of the facility in or outside of an office
89
What can be useful for places that require protection, such as a mirror or drywall?
Bumper rails or padding
90
What do bumper rails help prevent?
Damage from people or objects falling or bumping against surfaces
91
What is needed in a strength and conditioning facility to store items such as extra equipment, cleaning supplies, tools, or broken equipment?
A storage space
92
What is essential to consider when placing equipment in the available space?
Particular requirements for safety and efficiency
93
How can a floor plan help with visualizing equipment arrangement?
It helps with visualizing how to arrange equipment based on safety and efficiency recommendations
94
How should equipment ideally be grouped?
Into sections such as a stretching and warm-up area, agility and plyometrics, free weights, aerobic area, and resistance machines
95
Where should free weights and racks ideally be organized?
Along the wall, with walkways between the free weights and machines
96
What does organizing equipment along the wall allow for?
Improved flow through the weight room, preventing congestion and maximizing space
97
How can machines be lined up in the middle of the weight room?
To make a walkway on each side of the room
98
How can planning ahead and organizing equipment help with traffic flow?
By using equipment as a circuit
99
What should be done with tall machines to prevent them from tipping over?
Bolted to the floor or a column or a wall
100
How should cardiorespiratory machines be organized?
In their own section, lined up and grouped together by type (treadmills, ellipticals, stair machines, bikes)
101
Where will most machines requiring electricity have to be placed?
Along a wall unless there are electrical outlets in the floor or on a column
102
Where should equipment be placed in relation to walkways to minimize tripping hazards?
Away from the walkway
103
What is the recommended minimum space between barbells and dumbbells?
36 inches (91 cm)
104
Why is 36 inches of space recommended between barbells and dumbbells?
To allow for movement between racks without danger to the lifter or spotter(s)
105
How much space should be provided around a rack if a spotter is likely to be needed?
More space than the minimum
106
Where should weight trees be placed?
In close proximity to plate-loaded equipment
107
What is the recommended distance between lifting equipment and weight trees?
36 inches (91 cm)
108
Where are racks better placed?
Along a wall unless there is a row of two racks with the backs facing each other
109
What is the recommended minimum space for walking around an entire rack?
At least 36 inches (91 cm)
110
How can visibility be used as a guideline for equipment placement?
Shorter equipment is better placed in the middle for clear sight lines
111
Where can tall equipment be bolted?
On the walls, preferably along portions with no windows or mirrors
112
What heavily influences traffic flow in a facility?
Equipment placement
113
How can walkways be created in a facility?
Via arrangement of the equipment
114
What is the recommended width for main walkways in a facility?
At least 36 inches (91 cm) wide
115
What are top priorities when deciding on placement of equipment?
Safety and function
116
What is included in a stretching and warm-up area?
Foam rollers, bands, PVC pipes, various balls, and possibly jump ropes
117
What is the recommended minimum amount of open space for a stretching and warm-up area?
At least 49 square feet (4.6 m²)
118
Why is 49 square feet of open space recommended for the stretching area?
So that athletes can perform a dynamic warm-up
119
What is a circuit training area typically used for?
A space with machines lined up or grouped together to make it easy to switch from one machine to the next
120
What are some examples of different groupings for circuit training machines?
Upper body and lower body, pushing and pulling actions, and various body part groupings
121
What is the recommended minimum distance between circuit training machines?
At least 24 inches (61 cm), preferably 36 inches (91 cm)
122
What is the purpose of the space between circuit training machines?
To provide a wide enough walk space and a safety cushion
123
What is the recommended width for designated walkways in the circuit training area?
Between 4 and 7 feet (1.2 and 2.1 m) wide
124
What equipment is included in the free weight area?
Dumbbells, barbells, benches, kettlebells, farmer's walk handles, hexagonal bars, squat racks, and other necessary equipment
125
Where should racks and dumbbells be lined up in the free weight area?
Along a wall
126
What is the recommended space between the ends of racked bars?
At least 36 inches (91 cm)
127
Why is space between racked bars important?
It gives staff more space for cleaning and prevents weights from crashing into the wall or mirrors
128
Where can kettlebells be placed?
Under a dumbbell rack or in their own large section
129
What does a weightlifting area generally contain?
Racks with platforms or a platform standing alone
130
How should racks and platforms be spaced to prevent injury if someone falls?
3 to 4 feet (0.9 to 1.2 m) apart
131
What should be done to weightlifting racks to ensure they do not move when in use?
Bolted to the floor
132
If a rack is portable, what should be done with it when not in use?
It should be moved to a designated storage area
133
What type of equipment is grouped together in the aerobic area?
Cardiopulmonary training equipment
134
What are some examples of aerobic equipment?
Stationary bicycles, stair climbers, elliptical machines, treadmills, rowers
135
What is the space needed for bikes?
24 ft² (2.2 m²)
136
What is the space needed for stair steppers?
24 ft² (2.2 m²)
137
What is the space needed for skiers?
6 ft² (0.6 m²)
138
What is the space needed for rowers?
40 ft² (3.7 m²)
139
What is the space needed for treadmills?
45 ft² (4.2 m²)
140
How is the space needed for prone and supine exercises calculated?
(Actual weight bench length + safety space cushion of 3 ft (0.9 m)) multiplied by (suggested user space for a weight bench width of 7 ft (2.1 m) + a safety space cushion of 3 ft (0.9 m))
141
Using a 6-foot weight bench, what is the calculated space needed for prone and supine exercises?
(6 ft + 3 ft) x (7 ft + 3 ft) = 90 ft²
142
Using a 2-meter weight bench, what is the approximate calculated space needed for prone and supine exercises?
(2 m + 1 m) x (2 m + 1 m) = 9 m²
143
How is the space needed for standing exercises calculated?
(Actual bar length + a double-wide safety space cushion of 6 ft (1.8 m)) multiplied by a suggested user space for a standing exercise 'width' of 4 ft (1.2 m)
144
Using a 4-foot curl bar, what is the calculated space needed for standing exercises?
(4 ft + 6 ft) x (4 ft) = 40 ft²
145
Using a 1-meter curl bar, what is the approximate calculated space needed for standing exercises?
(1 m + 2 m) x (1 m) = 3 m²
146
How is the space needed for standing exercises in a rack calculated?
(Actual bar length + a double-wide safety space cushion of 6 ft (1.8 m)) multiplied by a suggested user space for a standing exercise (from a rack) 'width' of 8 to 10 ft (2.4-3 m)
147
Using a 7-foot Olympic bar, what is the calculated space needed for standing exercises in a rack?
(7 ft + 6 ft) x (10 ft) = 130 ft²
148
Using a 2-meter Olympic bar, what is the approximate calculated space needed for standing exercises in a rack?
(2 m + 2 m) x (3 m) = 12 m²
149
How is the space needed for the Olympic lifting area calculated?
(Lifting platform height + a perimeter walkway safety space cushion of 4 ft (1.2 m)) multiplied by (lifting platform width + perimeter walkway safety space cushion of 4 ft (1.2 m))
150
Assuming a typical platform size of 8 ft by 8 ft, what is the calculated space needed for the Olympic lifting area?
(8 ft + 4 ft) x (8 ft + 4 ft) = 144 ft²
151
Assuming a typical platform size of 2.5 m by 2.5 m, what is the approximate calculated space needed for the Olympic lifting area?
(2.5 m + 1 m) x (2.5 m + 1 m) = 12.25 m²
152
Why should surfaces in a strength and conditioning facility be cleaned consistently?
To ensure that the equipment is safe and functional
153
How does proper maintenance save money in the long run?
Cleaning materials are cheaper than replacing padding, flooring, and so on
154
What will begin to grow if surfaces are not wiped down with a germicidal cleaner?
Microbes
155
How often should equipment that is used more often and has a greater chance of developing bacterial growth be cleaned?
Every day or every other day
156
What should any germicidal cleaner used in the strength facility have the ability to prevent the spread of?
HIV and hepatitis
157
How should nonabsorbent floors be cleaned regularly?
Mopped for removal of dust and grime buildup
158
What should wooden weightlifting platforms be checked for?
Splintering and cracking
159
How should wooden weightlifting platforms be cleaned?
With an appropriate cleaner to remove dust and dirt that could cause foot slippage
160
What should be checked or tightened regularly when cleaning around racks and machinery?
The bolts and screws that hold the equipment to the floor
161
What should be done if machines that have cables and pulleys have loose or fraying cables and pulleys?
They should be regularly checked and repaired
162
What should be minimal in a tiled or rolled rubber floor?
Gaps between the pieces, and no visible glue extruding between the cracks
163
How often should carpet be cleaned to prevent mold, mildew, or fungal growth?
Regularly vacuumed and cleaned
164
How often should walls and ceilings be cleaned?
At least once every week or two
165
What should walls and ceilings not have?
Dirt buildup, and there should not be any dust in the corners
166
What tends to build up high in the corners where the walls meet the ceiling?
Cobwebs
167
What should be done if windows and mirrors are cracked?
They should be regularly checked and replaced as soon as a crack is noticed
168
What enhances the aesthetics of the facility?
Clean windows and mirrors
169
What can be used to leave windows and mirrors streak-free?
A window cleaner and microfiber towel
170
What should be regularly dusted on walls and ceilings?
Any windowsills, shelves, or anything hanging from the ceiling
171
If exercise equipment is hanging from the ceiling, what should be ensured?
It should be regularly checked to ensure that it is tightly secured and will not fall down
172
What does scheduling frequent maintenance and cleaning ensure?
Safe training, protects investments, and maintains the facility's appearance
173
What should maintenance include besides surface materials?
The equipment
174
What should equipment be regularly checked for?
Broken or damaged parts, particularly those that affect the equipment's functionality
175
What can build up on equipment if it is used often and not cleaned enough?
Residue that may cause functional or health issues
176
What should be done with nonfunctional equipment?
Labeled with an 'Out of Order' sign
177
If fixing broken equipment will take a while, what should be done with it?
It should be removed from the floor and placed in storage
178
What is helpful for determining the maintenance needs of a facility's equipment?
The National Strength and Conditioning Association's safety checklist for exercise facility and equipment maintenance
179
What should a cleaning schedule specify?
The equipment to be cleaned daily, weekly, biweekly, or monthly
180
What should cleaning and maintenance materials be kept?
In storage or in a closet
181
What should be done with cleaning materials if possible?
They should be locked and used only when needed
182
Where should tools be kept?
In a toolbox that is put away and out of sight of the weight room
183
What should be done regularly with tools and cleaning materials?
Inventoried and restocked
184
What daily maintenance and cleaning tasks are recommended for flooring?
Inspect all flooring for damage or wear; Clean (sweep, vacuum, or mop and disinfect) all flooring
185
What daily maintenance and cleaning tasks are recommended for upholstery and drinking fountains?
Clean and disinfect upholstery; Clean and disinfect drinking fountain
186
What daily maintenance and cleaning task is recommended for fixed equipment?
Inspect fixed equipment’s connection with floor
187
What daily maintenance and cleaning tasks are recommended for equipment surfaces that contact skin?
Clean and disinfect equipment surfaces that contact skin
188
What daily maintenance and cleaning tasks are recommended for mirrors and windows?
Clean mirrors; Clean windows; Inspect mirrors for damage
189
What daily maintenance and cleaning tasks are recommended for equipment in general?
Inspect all equipment for damage, wear, loose or protruding parts, insecure or nonfunctioning straps, improper functioning or use of attachments, pins, or other devices
190
What daily maintenance and cleaning tasks are recommended for moving parts of equipment?
Clean and lubricate moving parts of equipment
191
What daily maintenance and cleaning tasks are recommended for protective padding?
Inspect all protective padding for cracks and tears
192
What daily maintenance and cleaning tasks are recommended for nonslip material and mats?
Inspect nonslip material and mats for proper placement, damage, and wear
193
What daily maintenance and cleaning task is recommended for trash and garbage?
Remove trash and garbage
194
What daily maintenance and cleaning tasks are recommended for light covers, fans, air vents, clocks, and speakers?
Clean light covers, fans, air vents, clocks, and speakers
195
What daily task is recommended regarding equipment storage?
Ensure that equipment is returned and stored properly after use
196
What maintenance task is recommended two or three times per week?
Clean and lubricate aerobic machines and the guide rods on selectorized resistance training machines
197
What maintenance task is recommended once per week for ceiling fixtures and attachments?
Clean (dust) ceiling fixtures and attachments
198
What maintenance task is recommended once per week for ceiling tile?
Clean ceiling tile
199
What maintenance tasks are recommended as needed?
Replace light bulbs; Clean walls; Replace damaged or missing ceiling tiles; Clean open ceilings with exposed pipes or ducts; Remove (or place sign on) broken equipment; Fill chalk boxes; Clean bar knurling; Clean rust from floor, plates, bars, and equipment with a rust-removing solution
200
What is the approximate load-bearing capacity in kg/m² if the facility is not on the ground floor?
488 kg/m²
