Ch3 Flashcards
(11 cards)
What were factors affecting Emigration of Jews from Germany? Name atleast 4
• pressure placed on the Jewish community in Germany
• the willingness of other countries to accept Jewish immigrants
• Jews in Germany- less than 1% of the country’s total population
• one-third of German Jews lived in Berlin;
• emigration of 38,000 Jews to of it to France, Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark, Czechoslovakia and Switzerland
• refugees were later caught by the Nazis in May 1940.
• Nazi-sponsored boycott of Jewish-owned stores
• Nuremberg Laws (1935) and Kristallnacht in November
• Jewish immigrants created a major refugee crisis
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which led to Evian Conference - for 32 countries to accept additional refugees refugees were persecuted at home and unwanted abroad
• Kindertransport - Britain accepted Jewish children
• USA had quota of Jewish emigrants
• to the Americas, with the largest numbers entering Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Bolivia
• more than 18,000 Jews from the German Reich also found refuge in Shanghai, in Japanese-occupied China
• Jewish emigration was officially forbidden
• majority of Jews still in Germany were murdered in Nazi camps and ghettos
What was Madagascar plan?
Resettlement project for Jews made by Himmler
Solution to Jewish question
Did not work because of Brit navy
Examples of violence against Jews?
Progroms
Einsatzgruppen ordered to encourage progroms
1941-systematic and controlled massacres of Jews in soviet region
Made Jews want to leave Post war eu
What was operation Barbarossa?
22 june 1941 attack in USSR
When was Wansee Conference?
1942 jan they came up with final solution
What did Christopher Browning Claim?
Bazi policy was always conditioned by Hitler euphoria
What did Alan farmer argue
Argued “Wehrmacht and SS did what Hitler thought”Hitler was aware of the killings
What did Einsatzgruppen do?
Name atleast 3?
claimed they were given orders to kill
• helped by the local population to kill the local Jews in Balkan areas
• tasked to liquidate potential enemies
• massive Jewish population movement to Siberia
• Many historians agreed that the extensive Jewish killings did suggest the direction that Germany’s Jewish genocide would take
almost 500,000 were killed by July- Aug 1941
racial cleansing in mid-July 1941
Effects of operation Barbarossa?
Effects of Operation Barbarossa?
• Himmler wrote in his book record - ‘Minsk: attend execution’
‘If we don’t do it to them, they will do it to us’ - the justification for Nazi policies towards Jews
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psychological effect and negative consequences of his policies on German soldiers
Nazis began a’more humane way’ of killing Jews - by poison gas
• Lithuanian ‘villagers watched out of curiosity and greed’
• In the Baltic states, around 80% of the killings were carried out by local volunteers
Name few facts about Wansee conference?name atleast 3
• The “Final Solution” was the codename for the systematic, deliberate, physical annihilation of the European Jews
• “final solution to the Jewish question in Europe”
• policy of mass murder
• For Hilberg this order, born of Hitler’s elation at initial victory against the USSR, is the turning point, marking the start of the Final Solution
• Heydrich convened the Wannsee Conference:
* to inform and secure support from government ministries and other interested agencies relevant to the implementation of the “Final Solution”
* to disclose to the participants that Hitler himself had tasked Heydrich and the RSHA with coordinating the operation
• the role of Heydrich and Eichmann - the setting up of death camps to eradicate Europe’s Jews, gypsies etc.
• the aim of the Wannsee Conference was clear to its participants:
* to further the coordination of a policy aimed at the physical annihilation of the European Jews