CH4 Flashcards
What is job analysis?
A detailed process of gathering and analyzing job-related information.
Why is job analysis important?
Helps in hiring, training, performance evaluation, and pay decisions.
What are the two key outputs of job analysis?
Job Description (what the job is) & Job Specification (who should do the job).
What is a job description?
A document that outlines job duties, responsibilities, and reporting relationships.
What is a job specification?
A list of skills, education, and experience needed for a role.
Name the 5 job analysis methods.
Interviews, Questionnaires, Observation, Work Diaries, Job Performance Technique.
Why do companies use job analysis?
To create fair hiring practices, set salaries, and prevent discrimination.
What is job design?
Structuring work to make jobs efficient, engaging, and productive.
Name the 4 approaches to job design.
Mechanistic, Motivational, Biological (Ergonomics), Perceptual-Motor (reducing cognitive overload).
What does the mechanistic approach to job design focus on?
Task efficiency and repetition (common in factory work).
What does the motivational approach focus on?
Psychological and social factors that improve job satisfaction.
What does the biological approach focus on?
Physical well-being and reducing workplace injuries.
What does the perceptual-motor approach focus on?
Designing jobs to reduce cognitive overload and stress.
What is the Job Characteristics Model (JCM)?
A model by Hackman & Oldham that explains how job design impacts motivation.
Name the 5 core job dimensions in JCM.
Skill Variety, Task Identity, Task Significance, Autonomy, Feedback.
What happens when jobs have the 5 JCM elements?
Higher job satisfaction, motivation, and lower turnover.
What is the difference between job enlargement and job enrichment?
Enlargement = More tasks; Enrichment = More responsibility & autonomy.
What is job crafting?
When employees modify their tasks to fit their skills or interests.
Name 4 flexible work arrangements.
Flextime, Compressed Workweek, Job Sharing, Remote Work.
How does job analysis protect against discrimination lawsuits?
Ensures clear job descriptions and objective hiring criteria.
Why do companies conduct job performance techniques?
To understand job complexities first-hand.
What are the downsides of the mechanistic approach?
Jobs can become boring, repetitive, and demotivating.
Why is task identity important in job satisfaction?
Employees feel more engaged when they see a task from start to finish.
Why is autonomy important in job design?
Employees who control their work feel more responsible and motivated.
