Ch5

Question 0

played the lead role in developing the structure of the

modern periodic table; predicted the existence of several missing elements at the time of his work

Answer 0

Dimitri Mendeleev

Question 1

formulated the concept of triad

Answer 1

Johann Döbereiner

Question 2

devised the commonly used electronegativity scale

Answer 2

Linus Pauling

Question 3

ordered the periodic table by atomic number

Answer 3

Henry Mosley

Question 4

proposed that elemental properties varied in octaves

Answer 4

John Newland

Question 5

exists when some measurable property repeats on a regular basis in a sequential list or time sequence.

Answer 5

Periodicity

Question 6

Who created the periodic law

Answer 6

Dimitri Mendeleev

Question 7

stated that the properties of elements vary with their atomic masses in a periodic way.

Answer 7

Periodic Law

Question 8

Who revised the periodic law

Answer 8

Henry Mosley

Question 9

What does the revised law state

Answer 9

the properties of elements vary with their atomic numbers in a periodic way.

Question 10

vertical column of elements

Answer 10

Group or Family

Question 11

Horizontal rows of ele­ments

Answer 11

Period or series

Question 12

solid, lustrous (shiny), malleable, and ductile, and they are good conductors of heat and electricity.

Answer 12

Metals

Question 13

generally gases or soft, crumbly solids. Examples are oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur

Answer 13

Nonmetals

Question 14

They share properties of both metals and nonmetals. Examples are boron silicone and arsenic

Answer 14

metalloids

Question 15

distance from the center of an atom’s nucleus to its outermost electron.

Answer 15

atomic radius

Question 16

minimum energy required to remove the first electron from its out­ ermost shell to make it a cation

Answer 16

First Ionization Energy

Question 17

What family or element group has the best chance of having a largest ionization energies because they have a full outer energy level and do not gain or give up electrons easily

Answer 17

Noble Gases

Question 18

amount of energy required to add an electron to a neutral atom to form a negative ion, or anion

Answer 18

Electron Affinity

Question 19

Electron affinity measures what?

Answer 19

How strongly an atom attracts additional electrons

Question 20

measure of the attrac­ tion between the nucleus and valence electrons

Answer 20

Electronegativity

Question 21

Who won the noble peace prize?

Answer 21

Linus Pauling

Question 22

study of elements and the compounds they form

Answer 22

Descriptive chemistry

Question 23

What 2 elements make hard water

Answer 23

Magnesium and Calcium

Question 24

family were first isolated in 1807 by

Answer 24

Sir Humphrey Davy.

Question 25

elements are metals that are very chemically reactive. Examples are lithium, sodium, potassium and cesium

Answer 25

alkali metals

Question 26

alkaline-earth metals.

Answer 26

metals are all solid at room temperature and have typical metallic properties. Examples are calcium magnesium and radium

Question 27

Silver gold copper and iron.

Answer 27

transition metals.

Question 28

What are native mineral

Answer 28

Elements that are found as pure solids in nature. Example is gold, silver, copper, and carbon

Question 29

Aluminum tin and lead are in this group

Answer 29

Post-transition metals,

Question 30

first recognized nitrogen as an element.

Answer 30

Daniel Rutherford

Question 31

family is probably the most chemically uniform group of elements other than the noble gases; called this because they form salts when they react with reactive met­als. Examples are fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine

Answer 31

halogen

Question 32

Xenon krypton and radon. they do not react with other elements except under unusual conditions of pressure and temperature.

Answer 32

noble gases