Ch5 (The Periodic Table)

Question 1

Who observed that elements could be classified into triads?

Answer 1

German Chemist J.W. Dobereiner

Question 2

Law of Octaves

Answer 2

Elements could be arranged in groups of 7 according to increasing atomic mass, with the 8th element repeating properties of the first in the group

Question 3

Who’s theory was the law of octaves?

Answer 3

J. A. R. Newlands

Question 4

Who is considered the father of the periodic table?

Answer 4

Mendeleev

Question 5

Who proposed that the PROPERTIES of chemical elements repeat at regular intervals when arranged in order of increasing atomic mass AND arranged it in columns by the formula of the element’s oxide

Answer 5

Mendeleev

Question 6

What did Mendeleev call his prediction of modern Germanium?

Answer 6

Ekasilicon

Question 7

What are the inert/noble gases (6)

Answer 7

Helium, neon, krypton, xenon, argon, and radon

Question 8

Who argued that if the elements are arranged by increasing nuclear charge rather than atomic mass, the trends on the periodic table are better explained?

Answer 8

H. G. J. Moseley

Question 9

Who discovered that the nuclear charge increased by one for each element on the periodic table?

Answer 9

H. G. J. Moseley

Question 10

Nuclear Charge

Answer 10

Atomic number/number of protons

Question 11

The Periodic Law

Answer 11

States that PROPERTIES of elements recur in a repeating pattern when arranged according to increasing atomic number

Question 12

Groups/Families

Answer 12

Vertical columns, contain elements with similar chemical properties

Question 13

Periods

Answer 13

Horizontal rows, show a range of properties

Question 14

Representative/Main-group elements

Answer 14

A groups

Question 15

Transition elements

Answer 15

B groups

Question 16

Inner transition elements/rare earth elements

Answer 16

Found below the main body of the periodic table

Question 17

What are the inner transition elements divided into? (2)

Answer 17

Lanthanide and actinide series

Question 18

What is the name of Group 1/IA

Answer 18

Alkali metals

Question 19

What is the name of group 2/IIA

Answer 19

Alkaline earth metals

Question 20

What is the name of group 17/VIIA

Answer 20

Halogens

Question 21

What is the name of group 18/VIIIA

Answer 21

Noble Gases

Question 22

How many groups are on the periodic table?

Answer 22

18

Question 23

How were American and European conventions of designations different?

Answer 23

While they both used A and B designations with Roman numerals, the As and Bs were different

Question 24

What does IUPAC stand for?

Answer 24

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

Question 25

Who proposed that groups be assigned numbers 1 through 18?

Answer 25

The IUPAC

Question 26

From top to bottom, the atomic radius...

Answer 26

Increases

Question 27

From left to right, the atomic radius...

Answer 27

Decreases (increase of protons increases the pull towards nucleus)

Question 28

Metallic character

Answer 28

The degree of metal character of an element

Question 29

From top to bottom, metallic character...

Answer 29

Increases

Question 30

From left to right, metallic character...

Answer 30

Decreases

Question 31

What is the general formula for the oxides of alkali metals

Answer 31

M2O

Question 32

What groups are referred to as the s block

Answer 32

IA/1 and IIA/2

Question 33

What groups are referred to as the d block

Answer 33

IIIB/3 through IIB/12

Question 34

What is referred to as the f block

Answer 34

The inner transition elements

Question 35

Valence Electrons

Answer 35

Electrons in the outermost principle energy level of an atom

Question 36

What electrons are involved in chemical reactions?

Answer 36

Valence electrons

Question 37

What indicated the number of valence electrons in the American convention?

Answer 37

The Roman numeral (Ex. Group IA = 1 valence, Group VA = 5 valence)

Question 38

What indicates the number of valence electrons when using the IUPAC designations

Answer 38

The last digit (Ex. Group 14 = 4 valence, Group 2 = 2 valence)

Question 39

Electron Dot Formula/Lewis Dot Structure

Answer 39

A means of visually representing the valence electrons of an element

Question 40

Ionization Energy

Answer 40

Amount of energy required to remove an electron in the gaseous state

Question 41

From top to bottom, ionization energy...

Answer 41

Decreases

Question 42

From left to right, the ionization energy...

Answer 42

Increases

Question 43

What lose their valence electrons to become stable?

Answer 43

Metals

Question 44

What gain valence electrons to become stable?

Answer 44

Nonmetals

Question 45

Isoelectronic

Answer 45

Atoms and ions with the same electron configuration