Ch.6 Bone In Skeleton Tissues

Question 1

How many bones in the skeleton does an adult have

Answer 1

206

Question 2

True or false bones are living tissues

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Cartilage, ligaments, and connective tissue’s are part of what system

Answer 3

Skeletal system

Question 4

What are the two main parts the school till system is divided into

Answer 4

Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton

Question 5

Skull, vertebral column, and rib cage is part of

Answer 5

Axial Skelton

Question 6

The upper and lower limbs and the girdles they attach shoulder and hip what part of the Skelton do they belong to

Answer 6

Appendicular skeleton

Question 7

What are the functions of the skeletal system

Answer 7

Support, storage of minerals such as calcium and phosphate, storage of fats such as yellow marrow, blood cell production, protection, and movement

Question 8

What are the four classifications of bone shapes

Answer 8

Long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones

Question 9

Which phones are long and then found in the arms legs hands feet fingers and toes

Answer 9

Long bones

Question 10

Which bone is thin with parallel surface and found in the skull sternum ribs and scapula

Answer 10

Flat bones

Question 11

Which bones has a complex shape such as spinal vertebrae pelvic bones

Answer 11

Irregular bones

Question 12

Which bones are small thick cuboidol such as ankle and wrist bones

Answer 12

Short bones

Question 13

True or false sesamoid bones are special type of short bones formed in tendons (patella)

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Projections ,holes ,ridges,depressions, and other bone surface. Where tendons, ligaments and muscles attach also where blood and nerves enter the bone what is this called?

Answer 14

Bone markings

Question 15

What are some characteristics of bone tissue such as dense matrix

Answer 15

Dense matrix containing deposits of calcium salts, osteocytes( bone cells ) within the lucune ( spaces) organized around blood vessels

Question 16

What are some characteristics of the canaliculi

Answer 16

Form connection to other lacunae, and exchange nutrients and waste

Question 17

What are some characteristics of periosteum

Answer 17

Covers the outer surface of the bone and consists of outer fibrous and inner cellular layer

Question 18

The cell bone makes up what percent of bone mass?

Answer 18

2%

Question 19

Bones contains 4 type f cells what are they

Answer 19

Osteocytes,osteoblasts,osetogenic,osteoclasts

Question 20

What are mature bones cells that maintain the bone matrix and lives in the laeunae also between layers of the lamellae of the matrix and connected by the cyto plastic extensions through canaliculi in lamellae

Answer 20

Osteocytes

Question 21

What are the osteocytes functions

Answer 21

To maintain protein and minerals and communicate with other bone cells about stress and strain

Question 22

What are the bone building cells

Answer 22

Osteoblasts

Question 23

Which cell assist in fracture and repair also located in the endosteum, the inner, cellular layer of the periosteum

Answer 23

Osteogenic or osteogenesis

Question 24

Which cell is the bone destroying also secrete acids and protein digesting enzymes

Answer 24

Osteoclasts

Question 25

True or false osteon is part of the structure of compact bone

Answer 25

True

Question 26

True or false osteon is the basic unit

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Where are the osteocytes arranged in?

Answer 27

Concentric lamellae

Question 28

What is the circumferential lamellae

Answer 28

Wrapped around the long bone it binds osteon together and helps resist twisting of the bone

Question 29

True or false the structure of spongy bone is located where bones are not stressed

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Spongy bone does not have ?

Answer 30

Osteons

Question 31

True or false the spongy bone is not as strong as compact bones also the matrix forms an open network of trabeculae and trabeculae has no blood vessels and the space between is filled with red bone marrow

Answer 31

True

Question 32

In bone development human bones grow up until the age ?

Answer 32

25

Question 33

What is the name for bone formation

Answer 33

Osteogenesis

Question 34

What is the process of replacing other tissue with bone

Answer 34

Ossification

Question 35

What ossified bones that originate as hyaline cartilage

Answer 35

Endochondral ossification

Question 36

What are the effects of exercise on bone

Answer 36

Mineral recycling allows bones to adapt to stress; heavily stressed bones become thicker and stronger

Question 37

Bone that degenerates quickly is called

Answer 37

Bone degeneration

Question 38

True or false up to one third of bone mass can be lost within a few weeks of inactivity

Answer 38

True

Question 39

The skeleton as a calcium reserve

Answer 39

Bone store calcium and other minerals

Question 40

True or false calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body

Answer 40

True

Question 41

Calcium ions are vital to?

Answer 41

Membranes,neurons, muscle cells, especially heart cells

Question 42

If too much calcium is in the body fluids what happens

Answer 42

Calcium is being taken from the bones and it weakens the bones

Question 43

Homeostasis is maintained by

Answer 43

By calcitonin and parathyroid hormone, which controls storage, absorption, and excretion

Question 44

What are some of the major types of fractures

Answer 44

``` Pott Commented Transverse Spiral Displaced Collies Green stick Epiphyseal Compression Compound ```

Question 45

What is osteopenia

Answer 45

It's when bones become thinner and weaker with age

Question 46

At what age does osteopenia begin

Answer 46

30-40

Question 47

What percent do women and men lose bone mass per decade

Answer 47

Women 8% and men 3%

Question 48

What part of the body is most affected by osteopenia

Answer 48

Epiphyses, vertebrae, and jaws resulting in fragile limbs reduction in height and tooth loss

Question 49

What serves in bone loss affects normal functions and occurs in people over the age of 45

Answer 49

Osteoporosis

Question 50

What is the percentage that osteoporosis occurs in men and women

Answer 50

29% women 18% men

Question 51

What helps maintain hormones and bone loss

Answer 51

Estrogens and androgens help maintain bone mass

Question 52

When does bone loss accelerates in women

Answer 52

After menopause

Question 53

True or false cancerous tissue release osteoclasts activating factor that stimulates osteoclasts and produces severe osteoporosis

Answer 53

True

Question 54

_________is a cancer of the body's blood forming tissue including the bone marrow and the lymphatic system

Answer 54

Leukemia

Question 55

True or false many types of leukemia exist some forms of leukemia are most common in children, other forms of leukemia occur mostly in adults

Answer 55

True

Question 56

________ may look like a rash and usually appear in clusters

Answer 56

Petechiae (pe-te-chi-a)

Question 57

__________ is an uncommon cancer that begins in the bone,bone cancer can begin in any bone in the body, but is the most commonly affects the long bones that makes up the arms and the legs

Answer 57

Bone cancer

Question 58

True or false there are several types of bone cancer exists. Some type of bone cancers occur primarilyprimarily in children of others affect mostly adults

Answer 58

True

Question 59

True or false the term bone cancer doesn't include cancer that begin elsewhere in the in the body and spread such as metastasized to the bone.Instead those cancers are named where they begin, such as breast cancer that spread to the bone. Bone cancer. also don't include blood cells cancer such as multiple myeloma and leukemia that begins in the bone marrow the jelly like materials inside the bone where blood cells are made

Answer 59

True

Question 60

Bone cancers are broken down into separate types based on the type of cell where the cancer began what are the different types

Answer 60

Osteosarcoma,chondrosarcoma,and wings sarcoma

Question 61

________ begins in the bone cell osteosarcoma occurs most often in children and young adults

Answer 61

Osteosarcoma

Question 62

_________ begins in cartilage cells that are commonly found on the end of bones chondrosarcoma most commonly affects older adults

Answer 62

Chondrosarcoma

Question 63

_________It is not clear where in the bone Ewing sarcoma begin. Scientist believe Ewings sarcoma may begin in nerve tissue within the bone. Ewings sarcoma occurs most often in children and young adults

Answer 63

Ewing's sarcoma

Question 64

_______ shallow convex or concave surface where to bones articulate meaning come together

Answer 64

Facet

Question 65

________ indentation in a bone into which another structure fit

Answer 65

Fossa

Question 66

______shallow pit

Answer 66

Fovea

Question 67

_______Long indentation which a narrow structure travels

Answer 67

Groove

Question 68

_______tunnel through a bone such as the outer ear or inner ear canal

Answer 68

Canal or meat us