CH7

Question 1

Process glycolysis

Answer 1

Aerobic respiration begins with glycolysis in the cytoplasm
One glucose molecule is broken down into 2 pyruvate molecules
2 ATP is produced

Question 2

Process of aerobic respiration

Answer 2

Complete oxidation of glucose in presence of oxygen into Carbon Dioxide, Energy and water

Pyruvate molecules is transported to mitochondria and broken down

ATP are produced when a group of non organic phosphate is added to adenosine diphosphate

When phosphate links on ATP molecules are broken, energy are released

Produces 2898KJ, 38 ATP

Question 3

Alcohol fermentation in Yeast

Answer 3

used in the making of beer and wine
CO2 released makes the bread dough rises

Question 4

Alcohol fermentation in Plants

Answer 4

Carried out by paddy plants grows in waterlogged area with less oxygen
Ethanol produced is toxic to other plants but cells of paddy plant has higher tolerance to ethanol
Paddy plants produces plenty of alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme that break down ethanol into CO2

Question 5

Lactic acid fermentation in lactobacillus

Answer 5

Produce yogurt
Acts on lactose and turn it into lactic acid
Lactic acid coagulate casein to produce yogurt
Lactic acid is source of sour taste in yogurt

Question 6

Lactic acid fermentation on human muscle cells

Answer 6

During vigorous training, rate of oxygen use is higher than rate of oxygen supplied by blood circulatory system
Muscles in oxygen deficiency and undergo oxygen debt
Glucose cannot be broken down completely
Each glucose molecule broken down produces only 2 ATP or 150KJ of energy
Lactic acid accumulate until the concentration reaches the level that can cause fatigue and muscle cramp
When vigorous activity stops, excess oxygen oxidise lactic acid into water, co2 and energy