Flashcards in ch8 Deck (13)
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1
bacteriophage
takes over a bacterium's genetic machinery and directs it to make more viruses.
2
nucleotide
the small units or monomers that make up DNA
3
double helix
in which 2 strands of DNA wind around each other like a twisted ladder
4
base pairing rules
thymine always pair with adenine
cytosine always pair with guanine
5
replication
the process by which DNA is copied during the cell cycle
6
DNA polymerases
a group of enzymes that bond the new nucleotides together.
7
central dogma
states that information flows in one direction
8
RNA
ribonucleic acid
9
transcription
the process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of RNA
10
RNA polymerases
enzymes that bond nucleotides together in a chain to make a new RNA molecule
11
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
an intermediate message that is translated to form a protein
12
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
forms part of ribosomes, a cell's protein factories
13
