ch8

Question 1

bacteriophage

Answer 1

takes over a bacterium’s genetic machinery and directs it to make more viruses.

Question 2

nucleotide

Answer 2

the small units or monomers that make up DNA

Question 3

double helix

Answer 3

in which 2 strands of DNA wind around each other like a twisted ladder

Question 4

base pairing rules

Answer 4

thymine always pair with adenine

cytosine always pair with guanine

Question 5

replication

Answer 5

the process by which DNA is copied during the cell cycle

Question 6

DNA polymerases

Answer 6

a group of enzymes that bond the new nucleotides together.

Question 7

central dogma

Answer 7

states that information flows in one direction

Question 8

RNA

Answer 8

ribonucleic acid

Question 9

transcription

Answer 9

the process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of RNA

Question 10

RNA polymerases

Answer 10

enzymes that bond nucleotides together in a chain to make a new RNA molecule

Question 11

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Answer 11

an intermediate message that is translated to form a protein

Question 12

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Answer 12

forms part of ribosomes, a cell’s protein factories

Question 13

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Answer 13

brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make the growing protein