Flashcards in Ch.9-12 Deck (59)
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NOAA
NASA
MSS-
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Established in 1958, National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Multi Spectral Scanner abroad Landsat 1-5
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SPOT-
EROS-
Satellite Pour I'Observation de la Tierra
Earth resources Observation Science center, Souix Falls South Dakota. Downlink for satellite imagery.
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UV-
IR-
Ultraviolet light- .01-.4 micrometers
Infrared .7- 100 micrometers\
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NIR-
MIR-
TIR
Near infrared - .7- 1.3 micrometers (satellite remote sensing)
Middle Infrared 1.3- 3.0 micrometers (water content)
Thermal Infrared 3- 14 micrometers (heat sources)
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NDVI-
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, measures health of vegetation using NIR and Red Energy measurements.
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EOS-
Nasa's Earth Observation System mission Program
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Terra
MOPITT,
MODIS,
ASTER
1999- Flagship, 5 sensors , purpose is to measure the process involved with Earths Land and Climate
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Aqua
MODIS,
AMSU-A,
AIRS,
AMSR-E
2002, 6 sensors, examine multiple facets of earth water cycle
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Arura
HSB
HIRDLS
TES
OMI
2009, 4 sensors, examine elements in air and earths chemistry.
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WAAS-
Wide Area Augmentation System
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What is Sputnik
first man made satellite to achieve orbit around earth.
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What was the name of the first U.S. remote sensing satellite?
Corona
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What is an example of a geostationary satellite?
WAAS, EGNOS
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What are the 4 characteristics of satellite sensors?
Spatial resolution
radiometric resolution
temporal resolution,
and spectral resolution.
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What year was the first Landsat launched?
the last?
What was the number of the last Landsat launched?
1972
Feb 13, 2013
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What happened to landsat 6?
What failed on landsat 7?
it launched in 1993, failed to achieve orbit and was lost
the SLC(scan line indicator), causes missing data
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Name 2 for profit companies that operate remote sensing satellites-
Glovis
Landsat Look
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What is an example of Active remote sensing?
an active sensor is a radar instrument used for measuring signals transmitted by the sensor that were reflected, refracted, or scattered by earth surface or its atmosphere.
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What is passive remote sensing?
can only be used when naturally occurring energy is present.
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Two units used when measuring wavelengths?
What 3 colors do we see
Meters, Micrometers
red,Blue, Green
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What three things can happen to electromagnetic energy when it hits a target on the ground?
Transmission
Absorption
Spectral reflectance
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How does energy that is sensed in remote sensing become an image for us to view and analyze?
Spectral Signature
it reflects back in its own unique form
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Three key satellites to the EOS-
Terra, Aura, Aqua
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What is blue marble -
showing the entire earth from space.
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Visable Earth-
A website operated by NASA to distribute EOS images and animations of eos satellites or databases
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World Wind-
the global system of paths and rows that is used to identify what area on Earth’s surface is present in which Landsat scene.
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A-Train-
another term for the Afternoon Constellation
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Incident energy
total amount of energy (per wavelength) that interacts with an object
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Spectral reflectance-
% of the total incident energy that was reflected from that surface
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Spectral signature-
a unique identifier for a particular item, generated by charting the percentage of reflected energy per wavelength against a value for that wavelength
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Brightness value-
energy measured at a single pixel according to a pre-determined scale.
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Atmospheric windows-
those wavelengths of electromagnetic energy in which most of the energy passes through Earth’s atmosphere
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Rayleigh scattering-
scattering of light caused by atmospheric particles smaller than the wavelength being scattered
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Mie scattering-
scattering of light caused by atmospheric particles the same size as the wavelength being scattered
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Nonselective scattering-
scattering of light caused by atmospheric particles larger than the wavelength being scattered
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Electromagnetic spectrum-
light energy wavelengths and the properties associated with them.
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Visible spectrum-
the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths between 0.4 and 0.7 micrometers.
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Wavelength-
the distance between the crests of two waves
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Swath width-
the width of the ground area the satellite is imaging as it passes over the Earth’s surface
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Near-polar orbit-
an orbital path close to the North and South poles that carries an object around Earth at an unvarying elevation.
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Geo-stationary orbit-
an orbit in which an object follows precisely the direction and speed of Earth’s rotation and is therefore always directly above the same point on Earth’s surface.
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Sun-synchronous orbit-
an orbital path set up so that the satellite crosses the same areas at the same local time.
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Across-track scanner-
a scanning method using a rotating mirror to collect data by moving the device back and forth across the width of the satellite’s swath.
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Along-track scanner-
a scanning method using a linear array to collect data directly on a satellite’s path
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Spatial resolution-
the size of the area on the ground being represented by one pixel’s worth of energy measurement.
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Radiometric resolution-
the degree of a sensor’s ability to determine fine differences in a band of energy measurements.
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Temporal resolution-
the length of time a sensor takes to come back and image the same location on the ground.
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Spectral resolution-
the bands and wavelengths measured by a sensor
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Pan-sharpening-
the technique of fusing a higher-resolution panchromatic band with lower-resolution multispectral bands to improve the clarity and detail seen in the image.
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Panchromatic-
black and white aerial imaging
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Hyperspectral sensor-
a sensor that can measure hundreds of different wavelength bands simultaneously.
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Principle point-
Center of the photograph
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Nadar Point
point directly below the observer
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Relief displacement-
shift in objects appearance caused by distance
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Orthophoto-
effects of relief displacement have been corrected
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Oblique photo-
photo taken at an angle
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Verticle photo-
photo taken at the nadir point
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tone-
site association -
pattern-
grey scale
location of an object based on the features near it.
physical arrangements of an object
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