Flashcards in Ch.9-12 Deck (59)
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1
NOAA
NASA
MSS-
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Established in 1958, National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Multi Spectral Scanner abroad Landsat 1-5
2
SPOT-
EROS-
Satellite Pour I'Observation de la Tierra
Earth resources Observation Science center, Souix Falls South Dakota. Downlink for satellite imagery.
3
UV-
IR-
Ultraviolet light- .01-.4 micrometers
Infrared .7- 100 micrometers\
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NIR-
MIR-
TIR
Near infrared - .7- 1.3 micrometers (satellite remote sensing)
Middle Infrared 1.3- 3.0 micrometers (water content)
Thermal Infrared 3- 14 micrometers (heat sources)
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NDVI-
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, measures health of vegetation using NIR and Red Energy measurements.
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EOS-
Nasa's Earth Observation System mission Program
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Terra
MOPITT,
MODIS,
ASTER
1999- Flagship, 5 sensors , purpose is to measure the process involved with Earths Land and Climate
8
Aqua
MODIS,
AMSU-A,
AIRS,
AMSR-E
2002, 6 sensors, examine multiple facets of earth water cycle
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Arura
HSB
HIRDLS
TES
OMI
2009, 4 sensors, examine elements in air and earths chemistry.
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WAAS-
Wide Area Augmentation System
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What is Sputnik
first man made satellite to achieve orbit around earth.
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What was the name of the first U.S. remote sensing satellite?
Corona
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What is an example of a geostationary satellite?
WAAS, EGNOS
14
What are the 4 characteristics of satellite sensors?
Spatial resolution
radiometric resolution
temporal resolution,
and spectral resolution.
15
What year was the first Landsat launched?
the last?
What was the number of the last Landsat launched?
1972
Feb 13, 2013
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What happened to landsat 6?
What failed on landsat 7?
it launched in 1993, failed to achieve orbit and was lost
the SLC(scan line indicator), causes missing data
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Name 2 for profit companies that operate remote sensing satellites-
Glovis
Landsat Look
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What is an example of Active remote sensing?
an active sensor is a radar instrument used for measuring signals transmitted by the sensor that were reflected, refracted, or scattered by earth surface or its atmosphere.
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What is passive remote sensing?
can only be used when naturally occurring energy is present.
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Two units used when measuring wavelengths?
What 3 colors do we see
Meters, Micrometers
red,Blue, Green
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What three things can happen to electromagnetic energy when it hits a target on the ground?
Transmission
Absorption
Spectral reflectance
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How does energy that is sensed in remote sensing become an image for us to view and analyze?
Spectral Signature
it reflects back in its own unique form
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Three key satellites to the EOS-
Terra, Aura, Aqua
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What is blue marble -
showing the entire earth from space.
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Visable Earth-
A website operated by NASA to distribute EOS images and animations of eos satellites or databases
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World Wind-
the global system of paths and rows that is used to identify what area on Earth’s surface is present in which Landsat scene.
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A-Train-
another term for the Afternoon Constellation
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Incident energy
total amount of energy (per wavelength) that interacts with an object
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Spectral reflectance-
% of the total incident energy that was reflected from that surface
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Spectral signature-
a unique identifier for a particular item, generated by charting the percentage of reflected energy per wavelength against a value for that wavelength
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Brightness value-
energy measured at a single pixel according to a pre-determined scale.
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Atmospheric windows-
those wavelengths of electromagnetic energy in which most of the energy passes through Earth’s atmosphere
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Rayleigh scattering-
scattering of light caused by atmospheric particles smaller than the wavelength being scattered
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Mie scattering-
scattering of light caused by atmospheric particles the same size as the wavelength being scattered
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Nonselective scattering-
scattering of light caused by atmospheric particles larger than the wavelength being scattered
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Electromagnetic spectrum-
light energy wavelengths and the properties associated with them.
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Visible spectrum-
the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths between 0.4 and 0.7 micrometers.
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Wavelength-
the distance between the crests of two waves
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Swath width-
the width of the ground area the satellite is imaging as it passes over the Earth’s surface
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Near-polar orbit-
an orbital path close to the North and South poles that carries an object around Earth at an unvarying elevation.
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Geo-stationary orbit-
an orbit in which an object follows precisely the direction and speed of Earth’s rotation and is therefore always directly above the same point on Earth’s surface.
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Sun-synchronous orbit-
an orbital path set up so that the satellite crosses the same areas at the same local time.
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Across-track scanner-
a scanning method using a rotating mirror to collect data by moving the device back and forth across the width of the satellite’s swath.
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Along-track scanner-
a scanning method using a linear array to collect data directly on a satellite’s path
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Spatial resolution-
the size of the area on the ground being represented by one pixel’s worth of energy measurement.
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Radiometric resolution-
the degree of a sensor’s ability to determine fine differences in a band of energy measurements.
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Temporal resolution-
the length of time a sensor takes to come back and image the same location on the ground.
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Spectral resolution-
the bands and wavelengths measured by a sensor
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Pan-sharpening-
the technique of fusing a higher-resolution panchromatic band with lower-resolution multispectral bands to improve the clarity and detail seen in the image.
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Panchromatic-
black and white aerial imaging
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Hyperspectral sensor-
a sensor that can measure hundreds of different wavelength bands simultaneously.
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Principle point-
Center of the photograph
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Nadar Point
point directly below the observer
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Relief displacement-
shift in objects appearance caused by distance
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Orthophoto-
effects of relief displacement have been corrected
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Oblique photo-
photo taken at an angle
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Verticle photo-
photo taken at the nadir point
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tone-
site association -
pattern-
grey scale
location of an object based on the features near it.
physical arrangements of an object
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