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CMS- Introductory and Certified > Champagne and sparkling wine > Flashcards

Champagne and sparkling wine Flashcards

(136 cards)

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1
Q

which is the only AOC wine in france that doesnt need to display ‘appellation controlee’ ?

A

champagne

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2
Q

where is the name champagne protected by law ?

A

in all EU countries
Australia
New zealand.

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3
Q

SOIL profile of champagne region

A

Belemnite chalk
micraster chalk
kimmerifgian clay - cote de bars

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4
Q

what is the purpose of chalk in the soil

A

it provides good drainage while retaining jsut teh right amount of moisture.

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5
Q

Name the regions of champagne

A
  • Montagne de reims
  • Vallee de la marne
  • Cote de blancs
  • Cote de sezanne
  • Cote de bars – Aube.
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6
Q

name the river that runs through the champagne region

A

River Marne

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7
Q

where are the main champagne producers loacted?

A

in and around
reims
epernay
Ay.

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8
Q

What is CIVC

A

Comite Interprofessionel du Vin de Champagne.

    • governing body of champagne
    • enforces all AOC regulations
    • 1941
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9
Q

Name the 7 grapes of chardonnay

A 
Pinot noir
pinot meunier
chardonnay - w
arbane- w
petit meslier
pinot blanc
pinot gris
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10
Q

where are most of the black grapes grown in champagne

A

montagne de reims

valle de la marne

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11
Q

where are msot of the white grapes/chardonnay grown in champagne

A

cote de blanc

cote de sezanne

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12
Q

Name the 4 methods of pruning that are permitted

A

Guyot simple and double
Chablis
Cordon de royat
valle de la marne - only for pinot noir

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13
Q

what is l’Echelle-des-crus champagne

A

grapes graded from 100 -80% based on
soil, climate, altitude, grape variety etc
* to fix a price for the grapes of each vinatge

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14
Q

grades in the l’echelle-des-crus champagne

A

100 - grand cru classe
90-99 = premier cru classe
80-89 = cru classe

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15
Q

CM?

A

cooperative de manipulant

made by a cooperative

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16
Q

NM

A

Negociant manipulant

** wine sold under the name of the House which made it

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17
Q

RM

A

Recoltant manipulant

** champagne produced by a grower from their own grapes

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18
Q

RC

A

Recoltant Cooperateur

** wine is produced by cooperative, but sold by the grower of the grapes

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19
Q

MA

A

Marque d’Acheteur

** champagne bought from producer and sold under other brand name

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20
Q

SR

A

Societe de Recoltant

** chmpg sold under brand name created by growers of same family

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21
Q

NR

A

Negociant Distributeur

** companys buy, rebrands and sells champagne

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22
Q

the term la methode champenoise is applied to?

A

only in france
secondary fermentation in bottle
only method allowed by CIVC for champagne production

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23
Q

what are other “la methode champenoise” terms?

A 
la methode traditionnelle
methode classique
metodo classico
traditional method
classic method
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24
Q

which country is not restricted to use the term la methode champenoise

A

US

but if wine is exported to EU then labelling must compy with legislation

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25
what is the qty of must permitted to be extracted from grapes in champagne?
2550L from 4000kg grapes OR 100L from 157 kg grapes
26
what is the standard size press of champagne
4000kg
27
what is the first 2050L of press called
vin de cuvee
28
what are the final 500L of press called
vin de taille
29
what container is the must transferred to fo the first fermentation?
stainless steel vats glass lined vats oak barrels
30
name few champagne brands that are fermented in oak barrels
Krug Bollinger Alfred gratien Vilmart
31
is champagne allowed to go through malolactic fermentation?
yes
32
when does the assemblage to prepare the cuvee happen
late feb | early march
33
what is assemblage
blend | hallmark or style of each champagne house
34
how many wines and years does a non vintage champagne cosist of
40-50 wines | 10 different years
35
vinatge champagne is made from a blend of just ___ year
one
36
what is liqueur de tirage
``` liquid sugar yeast tannin finings. ** it induces 2nd fermenation in the bottle ```
37
what happens if too much (sugar) liqueur de tirage is added
bottle explodes | too much co2 produced
38
what is autolysis
gradual breakdown of the yeats | ** adds complexity and and flavour during 2nd fermentation
39
what is sur latte
bottles stored on side * * left to mature for min 15 yrs fo non vintage * * 3 yrs for vintage
40
how many years is KRUG grand cuvee matured for
6 yrs
41
what is remuage
movement of all sediment of dead yeast cells caused by 2nd fermentation into the plastic cup
42
what is the plastic cup called
bidule
43
what is the traditional method of remuage
shake the bottle thoroughly to loosen the sediment and then place the bottles into pupitres.
44
what is the time period a bottle spends in a pupitre
12-20 weeks
45
what is the inverted position of the bottle in the pupitre called
sur le pointe
46
how many bottles can a top remuer riddle
40,000 bottles per day
47
what is the mechanincal system of remuage called
gyropalette girosol very large machine = VLM
48
how many bottles can a gyropalette hold?
504 bottles
49
what is mise sur pointe
inverted position which the bottle is left in before degorgement
50
which marque by house of bollinger is kept for 10 yrs before degorgement
bollinger RD | RD = recemment degorge
51
what does LD mean on a champagne bottle
late disgorged
52
name the 2 methods used for degorgement
traditional a la volee | moderm method = a la glace
53
what is the tarditional method ( a la volee)
removing the closure while turning the bottle neck upwards, sediment and wine forced out by gas pressure ** used by small producer , machine = expensive
54
what is the modern - a la glace method
bottle neck dipped in freezing brine solution * freezes pellet of wine near neck along with sediments * crown top released either by hand or machine * gas forces pellet and sediment out
55
what is dosage
sweetened wine added after wine is lost in degorgemnet | * determines style of wine
56
brut nature
bone dry non dosage 0-3 g/L
57
brut
very dry dry 0-6 g/l 0-12 g/l
58
extra sec
off dry | 12-17 g/l
59
sec
medium | 17-32 g/l
60
demi sec
sweet | 32-50 g/l
61
doux
very sweet rich 50 upwards
62
what is dosage also called
liqueur d'expedition
63
how many months is wine kept for after bottling and before selling
6 mnths
64
quarter bottle
185 ml
65
half bottle
375 ml
66
bottle
750 ml
67
magnum
1.5 L | 2 b
68
jeroboam
3 l | 4 b
69
methuselah
6 l | 8 b
70
salmanazar
9l | 12b
71
balthazar
12l | 16 b
72
nebuchadnezzar
15 l | 20b
73
solomon
18 l | 24b
74
primat
27l | 36 b
75
why were the rehoboam and imperial pint sizes discontinued in 1989 EU law
all bottlesabove magnum must be multiples of 1 ltr
76
which bottles are made to order and are rare
solomon | primat
77
dom perignon was the cellar master at?
The abbey at Hautvillers | 1670-1715
78
who currently ownes the Abbey
House of moet et chandon
79
what had moet et chandon nicknamed their luxe marque
dom perignon
80
what did dom perignon invent
la methode champenoise | sp white wine from black grapes
81
who invented the remuage part
Madam nicole-barbe Clicquot-Ponsardin
82
what is blanc de blanc
champagne made entirely from chardonnay grapes | ** comes from cote de blancs
83
what is blanc de noirs
entirely black grapes | dark straw color
84
what is rose champagne
pink champagne strawberry bouquet ** blending 8-9 % coteaux champenoise rouge wine and white wine before bottling ** or short contact with skin of grape
85
which is the only AOC wine for rose where blending white and black grapes is allowed
rose champagne
86
where does the best coteaux champenoise rouge come from
Bouzy
87
Name few rose champagne producers
House of gosset * Perrier jouet * laurent perrier * billicart-salmon * Gatinois - Ay * Paul dethune - Ambonnay
88
what is cuvee de prestige
unregulated term | * top brands of champagne houses
89
billicart salmon
grand cuvee | cuvee elizabeth salmon rose
90
bollinger
grand annee
91
duval leroy
femme de champagne
92
krug
``` collection grand cuvee (multi-vintage) ```
93
laurent perrier
grand siecle la cuvee
94
louis roederer
cristal brut
95
moet et chandon
dom perignon
96
G H Mumm
cuvee R Lalou
97
Perrier-Jouet
Belle Epoque
98
Perrier- Jouet Rose
Fleur de champagne
99
Philipponat
clos des goisses
100
pol roger
winsten churchill
101
pommery
cuvee louise
102
ruinart
dom ruinart
103
taittinger
comtes de champagne | taitting prelude
104
Veuve clicquot
la grande dame
105
Vilmart
Coeur de cuvee
106
what is clos du mesnil
100% chardonnay champagne of Krug
107
what is clos d'Ambonnay
100% pinot noir champagne of Krug
108
what is coteaux champenoise
AOC for still wines of champagne
109
what is rendement
the amount of grapes permitted to be used from one hectare of vines for the year set by CIVC
110
what is ratafia de champagne
Vin de Liqueur | * addition of neutral spirit to unfermented grape juice
111
what is marc d champagne
brandy | produced from the distillation of skinds, stalks, pips left after pressing of grapes
112
what is blocage
system of putting wine in reserve in good years for use in poor years. when harvest is short or large increase in sales. * wines are stored in bulk in stainless steel vats
113
what is deblocage
release of blocage wines. | only with the consent of the CIVC
114
what is cremant
AC dry sp wines produced in areas of france other than champagne made by traditionelle method
115
examples of cremant
* loire cremant de loire = anjou and touraine * cremant d'alsace * cremant de die = rhone * cremant de bourgogne
116
which regions produce sp wines in california
napa and sonoma
117
What are spanish sp wines called made by traditional method
cava
118
what are spanish sp wines called if not made by traditional method
Vinos espumosos
119
which is the wine in Italy made by traditional method
Franciacorta - lombardy | metado classimo or talento
120
sp wines of italy made by cuve close method
muscato d'asti | prosecco
121
what is the cuve close method also know as
tank charmat process
122
what is the charmat process
* wine is pumped into large tanks - measured qty of sugar and yeast * temp controlled to aid secondary fermentation * wine circulated in closed tanks by propellers * wine is drawn off through filters, still under pressure and bottled.
123
where is the charmat process allowed
qualitatswein from germany - ex = trocken sekt | DOC in italy- ex = asti
124
what is the transversage method
2nd fermentation and degorgement is in bottle for champagne * chilled and placed in tank * dosage added, filtered * rebottled under pressure in clean bottles
125
what is the methode dioise ancestrale
bottling the wine before it has finished fermenting. * slightly cloudy * sweet
126
what is the carbonation method
quickest and cheapest | * co2 pumped into chilled tanks.
127
vin mousseux
french term for sp wine | * also AOC in vouvray
128
petillant
slightly sparkling
129
perlant
french = very lightly sparkling
130
spritzig
german = slightly sparkling
131
schaumwein
german = sp wine of lowest quality
132
perlwein
german = slightly sp, by carbonation method
133
sekt
german = sparkling
134
spumante
italian = sp
135
espumante
portugese = sp
136
espumosos
spanish = sp

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