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N2P10 Mat Child > Changes > Flashcards

Flashcards in Changes Deck (31)
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1
Q

Hegar’s sign

A

extreme softening of uterus

2
Q

Ballottement

A

Tapping of the lower uterus, fetus feels like it’s bouncing or rising

3
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Absence of period due to rising estrogen levels

4
Q

Chad wick’s sign

A

Increase vascular it’s causes walls to become purple (from pink)

5
Q

Pattern of uterine growth

12-38 weeks

A
12 above symphysis pubis 
16 middle of pubis and umbillicus 
20 at umbillicus 
36 at xiphoid process 
38 primagravida = lightening occurs
6
Q

At what week does the uterus grow a 1cm each week

A

20

7
Q

What happens to the vagina and vulva

A

Mucosa thickens, prominent ruggae
Glycogen released, in response lactic acid
Ph from 7 to 4.5

8
Q

What happens to cervix

A

Chadwick and goodwell’s sign

9
Q

Operculum

A

Mucous plug that seals bacteria out, often lost during dilation
Sign of pre term labor if too early

10
Q

What happens to the heart

Heart sounds?

A

Pushed upward and to the left

First sound split and a systolic murmur (s3 is very common)

11
Q

What happens to the blood volume
(Plasma and RBC)
When does it level

A

Total circulatory blood volume increases
Plasma increases 45% faster than RBC 20%
By second trimester it levels

12
Q

Is BP the same?

A

Same, except for when standing

13
Q

How does the BP change according to trimesters

A

First tri = normal, decreases during 2nd, increases in 3rd to original in first tri

14
Q

Lying completely on back causes pressure of the uterus on heart
What is this called

A

Vena caval syndrome

15
Q

What is crowing and what does it cause

A

SOB

Uterus pushes diaphragm 4cm upward

16
Q

Where does breathing occur

A

Thoracic instead of abdomen

17
Q

GI system changes

A

Hyper emesis gravidarum: intense vomiing
Mouth: pytlalism excess saliva and bleeding gums
Sphincter tone decreases = heart burn
Uterus pushes intestine back to abdomen wall = slow emptying time and peristalsis = constipation
Reabsorption of bilirubin = itching

18
Q

Pytlalism

A

Gum bleed and excess saliva

19
Q

Intense vomiting

A

Hyper emesis gravidarum

20
Q

What causes itching

A

Reabsorption of bilirubin

21
Q

What hormones relax the pelvis and cause an abnormal stance

A

Relaxin and progesterone

22
Q

Curvature of lower spine

A

Lordosis

23
Q

What diastsis

A

Abdomen has difficulty stretching to fit fetus so rectus muscles separate

24
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Anterior: prolactin posterior: oxy
Decreased FSH stops period
Increased GH and melanocytes

25
Q

Thyroid and parathyroid gland

A

Increase in size because increased need of calcium

26
Q

Adrenal gland

A

Increase cortisol and aldosterone to suppress inflammation

27
Q

Pancreas

A

First tri decreased insulin

Second and third increased

28
Q
6 ways placenta alters endocrine system 
Progesterone 
Relaxin 
HCG
HPL 
Prostaglandin
A
Progesterone: maintains endometrium 
Relaxin: prevents contractions
HCG: P+E while placenta is developing
HPL: insulin antagonist and prepares for lactation
Prostaglandin: initiates labor
29
Q

3 positive signs of pregnancy

A

Auscultation of fetal heart beat
Fetal movement by examiner
Visualization of fetus

30
Q

Fetal movements felt at what weeks

A

16-20 by mom

20-24 by examiner

31
Q

Corpus luteum

A

Sac filled with proteins and RBC, allows placenta to grow for 16-20 days, after placenta takes over