Changing economic world - United Kingdom Flashcards
(55 cards)
What is globalisation?
The increasing interconnections and interdependence between nations due to trade agreements and faster transport.
What is Deindustrialisation?
It’s the decline of a country’s traditional manufacturing industry due to exhaustion of raw materials, loss of markets etc.
What is meant by the term ‘Government Policy’?
It’s the plan or course of action needed by a government to manage issues in a country
What type of economy is the UK?
A post-industrial economy.
How has the UK economy changed over time?
Changed from dominantly primary and secondary sector jobs to an increase in tertiary and quaternary sector jobs.
What are the main causes of Deindustrialisation?
-Increasing cost of production
-Globalisation - competition from NEEs
-Declining investment
-Changing government policies
-Education leading to tertiary sector jobs
What is an example of deindustrialisation in the UK?
In cornwall, mining is a part of it’s heritage (clay, copper)
-Cambourne now deprived, urban decay occurring and people now heavily reliant on food banks.
What industries were popular before deindustrialisation?
-Shipbuilding, Iron and steel production, coal mining, chemical works
What is a post industrial economy?
An economy where most employment is now in service industries.
What is the UK’s economy now mostly based on?
-Finance, IT
-Service industries
-Research Parks
How are industries in the P-I economy footloose?
-They are easy to set up anywhere, connected to urban areas.
Why are P-I businesses close to major transport routes?
-To make the industry more connected, less time travelling for employees and lower costs.
Where are the majority of the Uk’s major science parks?
On the rural Urban fringe
Why are most of the Uk’s major science parks located where they are?
-There’s a large space for research
-There are motorways or integrated transport systems from nearby urban areas
What is meant by the term ‘growth corridor’?
-An area of the country where the economy is growing often along a major transport route linking two or more cities.
What characteristics must an area have to be considered a growth corridor?
-It must have good transport connections, including road, rail and air.
Name one important growth corridor
The M4
Example of a UK science park?
Cambridge science park
Key characteristics of the science park
-UK’s major hub for hi-tech industry
-1500 bio-technology companies
-7,250 employees
-International companies seeking access to Cambridge graduates and high talent
-North east of Cambridge, on the Rural Urban Fringe
Benefits to Cambridge due to science park
-Indirect jobs created on the site of the science park
-Cambridge has a reputation as world leader in investment
-Investment into local public transport
Disadvantages for Cambridge due to science park?
-House prices are rising due to rising demand in the area
-Cambridge is increasingly congested with traffic, rail and road links can’t cope.
What are Primary Industries?
-Produce the raw materials for industry
-Produce raw materials that can be turned into a finished product e.g. quarrying, farming, fishing and forestry
What are Secondary Industries?
Secondary Industries are the manufacturing and assembly industries
-They take raw materials and manufacture finished products from them. e..g. Steel manufacture, bread making.
What is an example of how a modern industrial development that can be more environmentally sustainable
-Torr Quarry, this is a Limestone Quarry.
