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sociology - FAMILY > changing family patterns > Flashcards

changing family patterns Flashcards

1
Q

what is monogamy?

A

being married/in a relationship with only one other person

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2
Q

what is serial monogamy?

A

move from one relationship to the next very quickly

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3
Q

what is secularisation?

A

decline of religion and the loss of influence that religion has on people

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4
Q

what is cohabitation?

A

living with your partner without being married to them

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5
Q

what is stigma?

A

disgrace associated with one person, circumstance or quality

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6
Q

how has marriage declined because of changing social attitudes?

A
  • changing social attitudes/norms
  • less pressure to marry
  • freedom to choose relationship type
  • alternatives such as cohabitation are less stigmatized
  • having children outside marriage is now accepted
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7
Q

how has marriage declined due to secularisation?

A
  • declining religious influence
  • religion is no longer as important as it used to be
  • the church is in favour of marriage
  • religion is loosing social influence
  • links to changing social attitudes
  • couples also are less likely to marry in a church due to secularisation and churches wont marry divorcees (many of whom are re marrying)
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8
Q

how has the changing position of women made marriage decline?

A
  • better education/financial prospects means women are economically independent and have the freedom not to marry for financial security
  • feminism means some women see marriage as a patriarchal institution
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9
Q

cohabitation

A
  • fastest growing family type of family in UK
  • popular option for young couples
  • often seen as a temporary phase before marriage (trial marriage)
  • sometimes seen as an alternative to marriage
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10
Q

why has cohabitation had an increase?

A
  • decline in stigma attached to sex outside marriage
  • career opportunities for women makes them freer to choose different relationship types
  • secularisation - young people more likely to cohabit
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11
Q

reasons for increase in same sex relationships:

A

greater acceptance - homosexuality decriminalised in 1967

legal equality - policies treating all couples more equally (Marriage ((Same Sex Couples)) Act 2013)

age of consent - now same as heterosexual (16)

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12
Q

one person household TRENDS

A
  • big rise in people living alone
  • in 2013 3 in 10 households (7.7 million people) lived alone - 40% are pensioners
  • estimation: by 2033 30% of the adult population will be single (never married)
  • less social pressure to get married
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13
Q

REASONS behind trends in one person households

A
  • people delaying getting married
  • divorced couples - usually man living alone
  • widows
  • less social pressure to get married so people are actively choosing to remain single
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14
Q

living apart together (LAT) TRENDS

A
  • 1 in 10 uk adults are in a ‘living apart together’ relationship
  • many people want to have their own homes but consider themselves in a relationship
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15
Q

REASONS behind the living apart together trends

A
  • 31% said it was too early / they weren’t ready to cohabit
  • 30% expressed a preference for not living together, including wanting to keep their own homes/prioritizing other responsibilities/children or just ‘not wanting to live together’
  • 19% said they couldn’t afford to live together
  • 12% said their partner had a job/studying elsewhere or living in an institution (care home/prison)
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16
Q

childbearing TRENDS

A
  • 47% children born outside of marriage (although most couples are cohabitating)
  • fertility rate - women are having fewer children
  • more women are remaining childless
  • women having children later in life
17
Q

REASONS behind the trends of less childbearing

A
  • changing attitudes
  • birth control
  • increase in women’s participation in the labour market
  • more women in higher education
  • people want more freedom
18
Q

lone parent families TRENDS

A
  • make up 22% of all families
  • 90% are female headed
  • belief women are more suited to expressive role#
  • courts usually give custody to women
  • men less likely to give up work for childcare
19
Q

REASONS behind the trends of lone parent families

A
  • increase in divorce and separation
  • decline in stigma attached to birth outside marriage
20
Q

lone parents + poverty

A
  • expensive childcare
  • inadequate benefits
  • females earn less than men
  • lack of maintenance from absent parent
21
Q

reconstituted/blended families

A
  • make up 10% of all families
  • causes are: lone parents / divorce / separation
  • similar to first families
  • higher risk of financial problems
  • sometimes face tension relating to contact with non resident parent

sociology - FAMILY (14 decks)

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