Changing relationship patterns

Question 1

Secularisation

Answer 1

religion isnt as significant as it once was, meaning people are less opposed to divorce and relations outside marriage

Question 2

Changing Attitudes To Relationships

Question 3

life expectancy

Answer 3

life expectancy constantly increasing, aging population, increased dependency ratio

Question 4

conventional family

Answer 4

oakley- conventional family = ‘nuclear families that consists of legally married couples, who choose to be parents of one or more children’

Question 5

Nuclear Family

Answer 5

two generations of a family living together in one household- typically parents and their children

Question 6

Lone Parent Families

Answer 6

one parent taking care of a dependant child/ children

Question 7

Lone Person Households

Answer 7

individual living alone

Question 8

Reconstituted/ blended families

Answer 8

family where one or both adults have children from previous relationships living with them

Question 9

Cohabitation

Answer 9

couple living together but not married

Question 10

Dual worker families

Answer 10

both parents pursue a career and maintain a family life

Question 11

Same Sex Families

Answer 11

homosexual couple living together with children

Question 12

Beanpole Families

Answer 12

multi-generational family that is long and thin with few aunts uncles and cousins

Question 13

Divorce Reforms

Answer 13

divorce laws have made it quicker and easier to get a divorce, leading to an increase in lone parent and reconstituted families

Question 14

Organisational Diversity

Answer 14

different patterns of work within the family (domestic) and outside

Question 15

Cultural diversity

Answer 15

the beliefs and values of different cultural religious and ethnic groups may influence family structures ie. polygamy

Question 16

Cohort diversity

Answer 16

family members have a different experience of life depending on the conditions and time in which they were born

Question 17

Life cycle/ life course diversity

Answer 17

where partners have children separate from another relationship or live alone, or grow older and have grandchildren

Question 18

Social Class Diversity

Question 19

Living Apart Togethers (LAT’s)

Answer 19

couples who are in a committed intimate relationship with each other without cohabiting

Question 20

Chosen Families

Answer 20

people have family like relationships which provide an emotional and financial support network without being a ‘normal family’

Question 21

Matrifocal families

Answer 21

mothers head families and fathers play a less important role in the home and in bringing up chidlren

Question 22

Common-law families

Question 23

Visiting relationships

Answer 23

female parents may have a male partner who lives outside the house but provides support and takes an active part in family life when present

Question 24

Neo-Conventional family

Answer 24

families that dont have the traditional structure of mother father and children

Question 25

Connectedness thesis

Answer 25

argues that individuals are deeply embedded within complex networks of relationships and personal histories, shaping their choices and range of options

Question 26

Individualisation thesis

Answer 26

suggests that traditional social structures and rules, such as class, gender, and family, are weakening, leading to a greater focus on individual agency and choice

Question 27

Loss of Functionality

Answer 27

decline of functions performed by a particular social institution or structure, such as the family, as society evolves and new specialized institutions take on those roles. family used to care for old relatives, now done by care homes.

Question 28

Oakley

Answer 28

the nuclear family, often idealized, reinforces patriarchal structures and can be a source of stress for individuals, particularly women

Question 29

Parsons

Answer 29

viewed the family as a crucial social institution with essential functions for both individuals and society. He argued that the nuclear family plays a vital role in primary socialisation and stabilizing adult personalities

Question 30

Murray

Answer 30

welfare policies have undermined the nuclear family and created a "dependency culture" where individuals become reliant on benefits, discouraging work and marriage