changing rights and freedoms Flashcards
(12 cards)
UDHR
universal declaration of human rights It is a document created by the United Nations in 1948 that lists basic rights and freedoms that every person in the world should have, such as, The right to life and freedom, Freedom of speech and religion, The right to work and education, Freedom from torture and slavery
It is not a law, but it sets a standard for how people should be treated everywhere.
Jim crow laws
The Jim Crow laws were a set of state and local laws in the United States, mainly in the South, that enforced racial segregation between Black and white people from the late 1800s until the 1960s.
These laws:
Separated Black and white people in schools, buses, restaurants, restrooms, and more
Denied Black people equal rights, like voting through unfair tests and taxes
Promoted the false idea that races were “separate but equal,” though in reality, Black facilities and services were usually far worse
They were eventually ended through the civil rights movement and laws like the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Montgomery bus boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a major protest in Montgomery, Alabama, from December 1955 to December 1956, where Black Americans refused to ride city buses to fight against segregation.
It began after Rosa Parks, a Black woman, was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus.
led by martin Luther king
lasted a year
Ended when the Supreme Court ruled that segregation on public buses was unconstitutional
little rock nine
The Little Rock Nine were nine Black students who integrated an all-white high school—Central High School—in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957.
It happened after the Supreme Court’s 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, which ruled that school segregation was unconstitutional.
martin Luther king
Martin Luther King Jr. was a civil rights leader who fought for racial equality and justice in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s. He believed in nonviolent protest and peaceful resistance to end segregation and discrimination against Black Americans.
montgomery bus boycott
i have a dream - 1963
freedom rides in america
The Freedom Rides were civil rights protests in the United States in 1961, where Black and white activists—called Freedom Riders—rode buses together into the segregated South to challenge unfair laws.
freedom ride in australia
The Freedom Ride in Australia was a protest in 1965 led by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal university students to fight racism and discrimination against Aboriginal Australians.
led by charles perkins
1967 referendum
The 1967 Referendum in Australia was a vote by the Australian people to change the Constitution to improve the rights of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
To count Aboriginal people in the national census
To allow the federal government to make laws for Aboriginal people
stolen generation
The Stolen Generations refers to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in Australia who were forcibly taken from their families by governments, churches, and welfare groups between the late 1800s and the 1970s.
The goal was to assimilate these children into white society
Many were placed in institutions, foster homes, or adopted by white families
Most were forbidden to speak their language or practice their culture
Many suffered abuse, neglect, and loss of identity
kevin rudd
2008 prime minister gave the formal apology on behalf of the stolen generation
land rights
Aboriginal land rights refer to the rights of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia to own, control, and use their traditional lands.
Led by Vincent Lingiari 1966
got land back in 1993
reconciliation
Reconciliation is the process of building better relationships and understanding between Aboriginal and non-Indigenous Australians.
Acknowledging past wrongs, like the Stolen Generations
Respecting Indigenous cultures, histories, and rights
Working together for equality,
Promoting dialogue, and shared decision-making
respect
