changing the economy Flashcards
(36 cards)
what is the definition of quality of life?
these are the aspects that are difficult to measure:health, happiness, friendship and safety.
these are often more important to people than having possessions
what is the definition of standard of living?
these are the indicators that can be measured; access to clean water, ownership of houses ,access to doctors.
why does Kenya need to bridge the development gap?
over 30% of the Kenyans live below the poverty line
many people rely on subsistence farming with low and unreliable income
in rural areas ,school attendance and literacy rates are low
many people lack access to clean water and basic healthcare
what is subsistence farming
food is only grown to feed the family with no surplus remaining to sell for a profit
benefits of tourism in Kenya
earns over $1.5 billion per year for Kenya
over 250,000 people work directly in tourism
improved quality of life-better access to healthcare, education and clean water
infrastructure development
negative impacts of tourism in Kenya
pollution:litter, sewage and waste increase, especially in busy tourist areas
overuse of water:hotel and resorts use large amounts of water which is scare in many parts of Kenya
tourism can be unreliable for example political instability and global recessions and pandemic (covid-19)
a lot of the profit goes back to the HICs, not to local Kenyan communities
what is gross national income?
it measures the total value of a country’s income both from domestic and foreign
causes of uneven development
colonialism
conflict
climate
geographic features
debt
what are TNCs mean?
a large company that operates in multiple countries beyond its home country
explain how fair-trade may help to reduce the development gap
by ensuring that farmers in low-income countries receive a fair and stable price for their products. This increases their income, allowing them to afford better healthcare, education, and living conditions.
Fairtrade also provides a ‘social premium’ which communities can use to invest in local infrastructure, such as clean water or schools, helping improve long-term development and reduce poverty.
Suggest how industrial development in the UK can be made more
environmentally sustainable
1.parks are purpose-built developments meaning they are planned with sustainable design in mind (green spaces ,efficient layouts).
cluster business together reducing the land needed
what does the human development index measure?
measures a country’s gross national income ,life expectancy and education level to provide an indicator for development 0-1.
how is economic development in Nigeria improving peoples quality of life
As the economy grows, new job opportunities emerge, allowing individauls to gain higher incomes. Therefore this increassed earning power allows people to affrtod better housing, food and clothing increasing their standard of living.
economic grwoth allows the government to invest in public services such as healthcare and education due to the increase in government revenue through taxes.
what is development
it is an improvement in a country’s capacity to produce goods and services for its population
what is the birth rate?
it is the number of live babies born per one thousand people in the population each year
why would HICs have the highest death rates yet have the highest life expectancies
HICs have elderly populations with few younger people
although they live longer, they are now reaching the point where they die
positive impacts of shell in Nigeria
shell invests in local infrastructure such as roads and education which benefits local communities
shell employs a large workforce directly and this leads to the multiplier effect as employees spend their wages in local business further stimulating the tax revenue
in 2015 shell agreed to pay £55 million in compensation to people living in Bodo which went towards paying health clinics
negative impacts of shell in Nigeria
oil spills have polluted rivers, farmlands and forests in the Niger delta. according to the guardian about 40 million of tonnes of oil are split in the Niger delta each year
in the Niger delta the life expectancy is ten years younger than the national average
many communities have lost access to clean water and safe food sources due to pollution
how has economic development not improved improved peoples quality of life in Nigeria
wealth tends to be concentrated in the south while the north still suffers from significant poverty
the significance of electronic communication on the UK’s links
reasons for decline of traditional industries in the UK
the UK faces intense competition from overseas particularly from emerging companies
many manufacturing jobs have moved to countries with lower labour costs, longer working hours making ti difficult for uk manufacturers to compete.
what is meant by infant mortality rate
the number of infant deaths specifically under the age of one per 1000 live births in a given year
impacts of international aid
aid helps fund healthcare services, vaccines and clean water reducing disease and improving life expectancy
aid can pay for roads, electricity and water systems making easier for businesses to grow and trade to increase
how can uneven development cause international migration
uneven development means that some countries are much wealthier and have much better living conditions than others. this can lead to international migration as people move from LICs or NEEs to HICs for better life.
