Changing Urban Environments Vocab Flashcards
(33 cards)
Informal sector
That part of the economy where jobs are created by people to try to get an income (e.g. Taking in washing, mending bicycles) and which are not recognised in official figures
City challenge
A big initiative of the 1990s, where local authorities, private companies and the local community worked together to improve housing, environment and services.
Park and ride scheme
A bus service runs to key places from car parks located on the edges of busy urban areas in order to reduce traffic flows and congestion in the city centre. Costs are low in order to encourage people to use the system - they are cheaper than fuel and car parking charges in the CBD
Self-help
Sometimes known as ‘assisted self-help’, local authorities help those in squatter settlements to improve their homes by offering loans or grants and often installing water, sanitation, sewerage, etc
Site and service
Land is divided into individual plots and water, sanitation, electricity and basic road layouts are supplied, before any building by residents begins
Air pollution
Putting harmful substances, such as excess carbon dioxide, into the atmosphere
Brownfield sites
Land that has been built on before and is to be cleared and reused. These sites are often in the inner city
Central Business District (CBD)
The city centre with shops, offices, services and entertainments. Characterised by high-rise buildings and a high diurnal population density
Disposal of waste
Safely getting rid of unwanted items such as solid waste
Function
The purpose of a settlement or particular area e.g. residential use, recreation or shopping
Green belt
An area of land around a large town or city which is protected from development in an attempt to halt the expansion of towns into the countryside
Greenfield sites
Land that has not been built on before, usually in the countryside or on the edge of the built-up area
Household
A person living alone, or two or more people living at the same address, sharing a living room
Incineration
Getting rid of waste by burning it on a large scale at selected sites
Industrialisation
The process by which an increasing proportion of the population are employed in the manufacturing sector of the economy
Inner city
The zone around the CBD. In Britain it developed during the Industrial Revolution when factories were built with many rows of terraced houses to house the workers. A zone of redevelopment today.
Landfill
A means of disposing of waste by digging a large hole in the ground and lining it before filling it with rubbish. Most of the UK’s waste goes to landfill
Land use
The types of buildings or other features that are found in the area e.g. terraced housing, banks, industrial estates, roads, parks etc
Quality of life
How happy someone is with their life. Measured by things such as quality of housing and environment, access to education, healthcare, how secure people feel and how contented and satisfied they are with their lifestyle
Regeneration
Improving an area e.g. by improving housing, or carried out by organisations such as UDCs or initiatives like City Challenge
Recycling
Collection and subsequent reprocessing of products such as paper, aluminium cans, plastic containers and mobile phones, instead of throwing away
Rural-urban migration
A process in which people move from the countryside/rural areas to towns and cities
Segregation
Occurs where people of a particular ethnic group choose to live with others from the same ethnic group, separate from other groups
Settlement
A place where people live, anything from an isolated farm to a vast sprawling area called a metropolis
