Tourism Flashcards
Give a list of reasons why there is mass tourism:
Flight prices are cheaper
Cost of living is cheaper, more disposable income
Women work now so there is duel income in many households, again more disposable income
Planes are bigger and flight time has decreased
People have more free time and longer breaks from work
Holiday booking is so easy due to the ride of the internet and technology
How is ecotourism in the Galapagos and example of sustainable tourism
The authorities have many management programmes to try and ensure future generations will be able to experience the Galapagos the same as today
What was the SuperCasino Bid Failure in Blackpool?
Much of the regeneration of Blackpool had focused on building ‘Las Vegas’ style SuperCasinos but the bid was won by Manchester
External factors that influence visitor numbers to the UK
Bad/good weather e.g. wet summer
World economy e.g. in recession fewer overseas visitors but more domestic tourists
Exchange rate - value of pound is low there is an increase
Terrorism and conflict e.g. 7/7 bombings in London
Major events e.g. the 2012 London Olympics
Resort
Places tourists visit for holidays or recreation and where tourism is an important part of the local economy
Facts about Antarctica
Since 2012 there has been a 22% decrease in the number of tourists
Over 100 tourist companies involved
What is extreme tourism?
Tourism all across the globe in harsh environments and terrain. They attract a niche market.
Ecotourism must be:
Environmentally sound - natural environments and wildlife are safeguarded.
Socially sound - considers the need of, and involves communities, including their economic needs.
Sustainable - looking after todays tourist needs without damaging those of future generations.
Grey pound
The economic purchasing power of the elderly population in the UK
Package holiday
A holiday or tour arranged by a travel agent where transportation food and accommodation are all included in the price
Environmental impacts
Positive or negative changes to the local environment due to tourism e.g. Vegetation trampling
Explain the sixth stage of the Butler Resort Life-Cycle Model
Rejuvenation/Decline
Either of two paths are then followed:
a. immediate/major decline or slow decline
b. rejuvenation and attempts to modernise
Economic factors affecting tourism growth
Increase in middle class, smaller families, better pensions, rise of TNCs in tourism, exchange rates
How does ecotourism in the Galapagos benefit the local economy
The presence of tourists has created job opportunities for locals, as all the guides have to be local, and some have set up boat trips, guest houses etc and they get to keep the money
Galapagos tourism generates $418m annually, of which an estimated $63m enters the local economy (51% of the Galapagos economy)
Explain the second stage of the Butler Resort Life-Cycle Model
Involvement
Locals provide a few facilities for tourists but the number of visitors is still small.
A tourist season and market can be identified.
Why is tourism so important to the economy of LEDCs?
List the positives and negative aspects of it.
(long answer)
Tourism provides many jobs in LEDCs; formal and informal. LEDC economies are smaller so the money earned from tourism, even though it may be less than in MEDCs, goes much further
The formal jobs provide foreign income for the government.
It also preserves the culture as tourists pay to visit temples so they have money to keep them going.
Money earned in tourism can go towards their families and perhaps their child’s education? i.e. better standard of living.
Money earned by government can go towards improving infrastructure such as roads, hospitals and electricity.
Ecotourism (aka green tourism)
Tourism to an area because of the appeal of its natural environment, while negative impacts are kept to a minimum. Small scale, responsible tourism where visitors also try to benefit the local communities socially and economically
External factors
Something unrelated to tourism which affects tourist numbers e.g. Economy, political unrest, terrorism
Thailand’s attractions (quite a lot, use common sense)
Humid tropical climate, lush and green landscape, guaranteed hot weather, beautiful beaches - eg islands Koh Phangan, Koh Samui, rich culture and history - eg Buddhist monks and temples in Wat Pho, exotic food - noodles, seafood, Thai green curry, low cost of living, 5-star resorts, movies like “The Beach” brought attention to Thailand, Full Moon Party
Examples of extreme tourism activities:
Base jumping Paragliding Wing suit gliding White water rafting Mocrolighting
What is conservation
The careful and planned use of resources to manage and maintain the natural environment for future generations.
How does ecotourism in the Galapagos benefit the lives of the locals
Many of the local residents are employed by the tourists directly eg boat trips, hotel staff
All tips are kept by the locals for their own use
The growth in tourism requires a growth in infrastructure, which in turn, the locals can also benefit from
What attracts people to take part in extreme tourism?
Extreme environments and activities generate a lot of adrenaline for people. The possibility of death is thrilling to some. They require basic facilities and enjoy sleeping rough, this adds to the thrill for people who are bored of every day life and want to experience a different lifestyle. It is also because people want be able to say they have done it; ‘bragging rights’.
What are the sustainable tourism regulations in Thailand
For the tourists: 1) respect all local culture, traditions and environmental values 2) do not support illegal businesses by buying endangered species of plants or animals
For the tour guide: 1) promote local products and businesses 2) research the impacts of tourism thus improving your knowledge about sustainable tourism
Activities and attractions in Antarctica
Wildlife watching esp penguins and seals
Visiting historic sites such as Scott’s hut
Skydiving, waterskiing, paragliding, scuba diving
Active volcano Mt Erebus
Experiencing 24 hour daylight for the 17 weeks in high summer
Reasons for the rise of Blackpool
By mid-19th century railway had linked Blackpool to Manchester and the other densely populated textile towns of Lancashire
Factory workers poured in on Bank Holidays
After introduction of paid annual holidays people spent a week there - this was the big holidays for families
Sandy beach and infrastructure of promenade, powers and big hotels and the Tower
Positive effects of tourism on Thailand
Think economic and social
Tourism industry makes up 6.5% of the GDP
Income earned helped develop infrastructure eg Bangkok monorail - reduced congestion and traffic problems
49% of all jobs directly or indirectly linked to tourism
Rates of pay in the tourist industry esp Bangkok are considerably higher than the avg national wage - higher standard of living
Tourist demand helps preserve crafts and traditions, like paper making and lacquerware which might otherwise die out
Infrastructure for tourism
Supports structures and services for visitors e.g. Airports, hotels, electricity, tour agencies
Location of the Galapagos Islands
50 volcanic islands located in the Pacific Ocean, 1000 km off the coast of Ecuador
Define the term attractions
A feature or facility that makes tourists go to a place.
Negative effects of tourism in Thailand
Think environmental, economic and social
60% of money generated by tourism is sent abroad to TNCs that own Thailand’s hotels and restaurant chains
Loss of cultural identity as a result of globalisation eg McDonald’s
Koh Tao suffers from severe ground water shortage because of demand from tourists for showers and toilet facilities. No surface water supply
More tourists, more rubbish waste disposal becoming a major issue eg in Koh Tao
Coral reefs being damaged by pollution, activities of diving schools and tourist boats
Disposable income
Money left over after necessities (food, shelter, water etc) have been bought. This money can be spent or saved as one wishes e.g. On holidays
Benefits of ecotourism:
Ecotourism benefits the environment, the culture and the local people.
Conservation and stewardship involve local organisations and people.
Ecotourism often tries to reduce the use of fossil fuels, such as by using renewable energy wherever possible.
Effectiveness of strategies to improve cheap, poor quality accommodation in Blackpool
Since their introduction in 2004, the Blackpool Tourism Awards have attracted an annual increase in both the quality and quantity of entries: over 170 entries were received in 2011
Name an example of tourism that is sustainable but not ecotourism:
Thailand - it is mass tourism but they use the heat from the air conditioning to heat water which is a sustainable way of getting energy.
Why has there been an increase in extreme tourism?
Baby boomers can afford to take their families on more expensive holidays in extreme environments.
People want to be able to say they have done it and tell their friends.
Going to countries and building schools or conserving wildlife is becoming more common among older generations.
There are more promotions from holiday companies.
People see their holidays as not just a break but a chance to do something completely different.
