CHAP 1

Question 1

A branch of knowledge that
investigates the natural phenomena
around us by observing them, drawing
inferences from them and subjecting them
to experimentation using the scientific
process.

Answer 1

Science

Question 2

Application of the concepts of
science in order to create tools that
would make life easy.

Answer 2

Technology

Question 3

Composed of people that are
living in a community having the same
culture, economic status, and subject
to the same political authority

Answer 3

Society

Question 4

3 million years to 3000 BC

Answer 4

Prehistory

Question 5

3 million to 10000 BC

Answer 5

Paleolithic

Question 6

First human species

Answer 6

2.5 million years BC

Question 7

Use of fire

Answer 7

1 million years BC

Question 8

10000 BC

Answer 8

Neolithic

Question 9

Agriculture begins

Answer 9

10000 BC

Question 10

3000 BC to 476 AC

Answer 10

Acient Age

Question 11

Invention of Writing

Answer 11

3000 BC

Question 12

476 AC to 1492 AC

Answer 12

Medieval Age

Question 13

Fall of western Roman empire

Answer 13

476 AC

Question 14

1492 to 1789 AC

Answer 14

Modern Age

Question 15

Colombus discovered America

Answer 15

1492 AC

Question 16

1789 to 2011 AC

Answer 16

Contemporary Age

Question 17

French Revolution

Answer 17

1789 AC

Question 18

Introduced by Christian Jürgensen
Thomsen, A Danish antiquarian who
developed system for classifying
artifacts according to periods

Answer 18

Three Age System

Question 19

Three Age System:

Answer 19

Stone, Bronze, Iron Age

Question 20

A broad prehistoric period where stones were used primarily as
tools. The period lasted for about 3.4 million years.

Answer 20

Stone Age

Question 21

A period where the use of
fire was intensified by creating
smelting put to shape tools and
wares being used by men.

Answer 21

Bronze Age (2000 – 500 BC)

Question 22

is an alloy of
copper and tin.

Answer 22

Bronze

Question 23

A period where use of iron
and steel was prevalent.

Answer 23

Iron Age (1200 – 600 BC)

Question 24

In Europe, during this period,
feudalism was the dominant social
system.

Under this system, the king gives
land to noblemen and bishops.
Peasants tilled the land and planted
crops and gave most of the harvest to
the landowner

Answer 24

5th and 15th Century (Middle Age: Medieval Period)

Question 25

was adopted to catch up with the demand of agriculture.

Answer 25

Moldboard plow

Question 26

Oxen were replaced by

Answer 26

horses

Question 27

Early part of Middle Ages, referred to as the time of intellectual darkness. It characterizes the Middle Ages as a time of violence and lack of progress and was called by Edward Gibbon as barbarism and religion.

Answer 27

450 – 1000 AD (Middle Age: Dark Age)

Question 28

Before 1500, more than 80 universities were established in Europe. Many were supervised by Catholic churches. Engaged in higher learning of at least of these courses: Medicine, Law, or Theology.

Answer 28

Education (during middle age)

Question 29

Medieval medicines recognized that sicknesses could spread from person to person, that lifestyle has effect on health and some people were more prone to illness than others. Physicians relied on unsanitary and dangerous way of treating the disease. Superstitious way of combating the bacteria.

Answer 29

Medicine (During middle age)

Question 30

is one of the oldest civilizations. In Science, they are advanced in Physics, Astronomy, Mathematics, and Medical Biology.

Answer 30

China

Question 31

In agriculture and economy, farming largely began in ___ and ___

Answer 31

Huang He and Yangtze rivers

Question 32

(longest river in Asia and 3rd in the world)

Answer 32

Yangtze rivers

Question 33

China's Contribution

Answer 33

Silk Bronze Paper Compass Gunpowder Guns Mechanical Clock Anima Harness Water Canals

Question 34

is one of the oldest civilizations in the world, and was inhabited approximately 250,000 years ago.

Answer 34

India

Question 35

Scientists from IIT-Kharagpur and Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) have uncovered evidence that the ___ ___ __ is at least 8,000 years old, taking root well before the Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations.

Answer 35

Indus Valley Civilization

Question 36

India’s Contribution Known for its amazing architecture, including the __ __, one of the seven wonders of the world.

Answer 36

Taj Mahal

Question 37

Africa's Contribution

Answer 37

1. First Methods of Counting - Yoruba Number Scale - Zaire Number Scale 2. African Stonehenge - Work of ancient astronomers observing: * Saturn’s ring * Jupiter’s moon * Spiral structure of Milky Way * Orbit of Sirius Star 3. Advances in Metallurgy and Tool - Bow and Arrow - Nails - Glue 4. Medicines - Salicylic Acid - Skin Grafting - Filling of Dental Cavities

Question 38

Muslim rulers promoted the translation of Greek philosophy and science, and then encouraged further scientific exploration in numerous fields. Until the 16th century, the Arab world was connected by a unique system of trade and transport that unified its large population scattered over vast areas of land and sea.

Answer 38

Middle East’s Contribution

Question 39

was responsible for the large-scale circulation of people and information.

Answer 39

Arab Transport System

Question 40

According to Antoine Zahlan (1999), the three main reasons Middle Eastern countries lag behind in terms of technology and scientific knowledge:

Answer 40

loss of trade and transport system, effects of industrial revolution and the political and economic crisis.

Question 41

Mesoamerican: Aztec’s Contribution

Answer 41

1. Chinampas - Agricultural technique where crops are grown in a small rectangular areas of fertile land on shallow lake beds. Valley of Mexico was used for this. 2. Aztec Calendar - Xiuhpohualli is a calendar with 20-day 18 months, with 5 left-over days at the end of the year. It has 365 days per year. 3. Chocolate - They invented Xocolatl, a frothy chocolate drink that was a kuxury reserved for the upper classes. - Cacao beans were also used as currency. 4. Herbs - Aztecs used passion flower which for them, calms spasms and relaxes muscles. 5. Gum - Aztecs and Mayans developed gum from thick milky liquid called chicle of the sapodilla tree.

Question 42

Mesoamerican: Mayan’s Contribution

Answer 42

1. The concept of 0 - Mayans had advanced numerical system with place values. 2. Vulcanizing - The Mayans were the first to vulcanize rubber. 3. Chocolates - The Mayans created a bitter frothy drink from cacao beans, water, cornmeal and spices. - Chocolates were also served in religious ceremonies and rituals, and believed it was a gift from gods. 4. Mayan Calendar - Time is recorded using glyphs, symbols with corresponding readable characters used in writing. - The Haab calendar, which is divided into 18 months made of 20 days, and one month, made of 5 days. 5. Mayan Medicines Pyrite – tooth filling Jade and Turquoise – prosthetics Obsidians – making cuts - Mayans used herbs over 1500 different kinds to treat ailments. 6. Agriculture - Innovative farming techniques like raised farm beds and terrace farming, which reduce water runoff and erosion.

Question 43

Mesoamerican: Inca’s Contribution

Answer 43

1. Civil and Hydraulic Engineering - System of roads and bridges, impressive waterworks including canals, fountains, aqueduct, and drainage system. 2. Architecture - The Inca were master of builders of massive structures. Their buildings were built to last, so designed to survive natural disasters. 3. Inca Calendar - The Inca calendar is divided into 12 moths, with 3 weeks each month and 10 days each week. 4. Musical Instruments - Incas invented many wind and percussion instruments such as drums, flutes, panpipes. 5. Use of silver and gold 6. Freeze-dried foods for preventing foods

Question 44

Agricultural technique where crops are grown in a small rectangular areas of fertile land on shallow lake beds

Answer 44

Chinampas

Question 45

is a calendar with 20-day 18 months, with 5 left-over days at the end of the year. It has 365 days per year

Answer 45

Xiuhpohualli

Question 46

a frothy chocolate drink that was a luxury reserved for the upper classes

Answer 46

Xocolatl

Question 47

were also used as currency

Answer 47

Cacao beans

Question 48

Aztecs used ___ which for them, calms spasms and relaxes muscles

Answer 48

passion flower

Question 49

Aztecs and Mayans developed gum from thick milky liquid called __ of the sapodilla tree

Answer 49

chicle

Question 50

were native people of Mexico and Central America

Answer 50

Mayans

Question 51

Mayans had advanced numerical system with place values

Answer 51

The concept of 0

Question 52

The Mayans were the first to vulcanize __

Answer 52

rubber

Question 53

which is divided into 18 months made of 20 days, and one month, made of 5 days

Answer 53

Haab calendar

Question 54

tooth filling

Answer 54

Pyrite –

Question 55

prosthetics

Answer 55

Jade and Turquoise

Question 56

making cuts

Answer 56

Obsidians –

Question 57

is divided into 12 months, with 3 weeks each month and 10 days each week

Answer 57

Inca calendar