Chap 1 & 2

Question 1

Per os

Answer 1

by mouth

Question 2

the degrees to which a drug is absorbed and reaches general circulation is called

Answer 2

bioavailability

Question 3

passive transport and phagocytosis require energy

Answer 3

true

Question 4

increased blood supply to tissues can increase drug absorption

Answer 4

true

Question 5

lipophilic means water loving

Answer 5

false

Question 6

facilitated diffusion does not require energy

Answer 6

true

Question 7

the status of the GI tract can affect absorption of drugs

Answer 7

true

Question 8

drugs can only pass through a cell membrane if they are

Answer 8

non-ionized

Question 9

drugs bound to proteins are

Answer 9

inactive

Question 10

this protects a fetus from some drugs that can be toxic

Answer 10

placental barrier

Question 11

once a drug has been bio transformed, is is called a

Answer 11

metabolite

Question 12

this species has a deficit in glucuronic acid

Answer 12

cats

Question 13

functional part of the kidneys

Answer 13

nephron

Question 14

tubular secretion does not depend on the concentration gradient

Answer 14

true

Question 15

___ are quantities of drugs that remain in animal products when consumed

Answer 15

drug residues

Question 16

the term that describes how well a drug works

Answer 16

efficacy

Question 17

naloxone will knock opioids off the receptor they bind with, this is?

Answer 17

antagonist

Question 18

morphine will bind to MU receptors in the brain very strongly. Morphine is known as a MU

Answer 18

agonist

Question 19

the safer the drug, the lower the therapeutic index

Answer 19

false

Question 20

an adverse drug event is due to inherent properties of the drug itself

Answer 20

false

Question 21

drug interactions can be detrimental or beneficial

Answer 21

true

Question 22

why are over the counter drugs sold without a prescription

Answer 22

they have a wide range of safety. difficult to use them in harmful ways

Question 23

prescription drugs are approved by the

Answer 23

FDA

Question 24

Proprietary name

Answer 24

a name given to the drug by the manufacturer

Question 25

the trade name and generic name are the same thing

Answer 25

false

Question 26

because there is so much information, many drug manufacturers include

Answer 26

package inserts

Question 27

the animal medicinal drug use clarification act regulates extra label drug use. this was passed in

Answer 27

1994

Question 28

the act of diluting or mixing existing medications is known as

Answer 28

compounding

Question 29

what the drug does to the body

Answer 29

pharmacodynamics

Question 30

what the body does to the drug

Answer 30

pharmacokinetics

Question 31

the sequence of pharmacokinetics is

Answer 31

absorption, distribution, biotransformation, excretion

Question 32

___ is the range of drug levels in the blood of a pt in which a drug has the desired effect

Answer 32

therapeutic range

Question 33

therapeutic window is

Answer 33

the range of dosage of a drug or of its concentration in a bodily system that provides safe effectiveness

Question 34

narrow therapeutic range means

Answer 34

this drug can be overdosed easily

Question 35

the rate at which a drug will remain at the same levels in the body

Answer 35

steady state

Question 36

which means to give an injection into a muscle

Answer 36

IM

Question 37

if you give an injection just under the skin, its called

Answer 37

SQ/subcutaneous

Question 38

this is the route of administration of drugs that achieves the quickest blood levels

Answer 38

IV

Question 39

you have been instructed to give an injection in the saphenous vein of a dog. Where is this vein

Answer 39

rear leg

Question 40

IM injections have a slower onset but longer duration

Answer 40

true

Question 41

where are the epaxial muscles

Answer 41

lower back

Question 42

the movement of drug molecules from the site of administration to systemic throughout the day

Answer 42

absorption

Question 43

bioavailability will vary based on drug form, administration route and other factors

Answer 43

true

Question 44

passive absorption

Answer 44

drug movement from a high to low concentration

Question 45

Active transport

Answer 45

a cell has to spend energy to move molecules from a high to low concentration

Question 46

pinocytosis

Answer 46

when a cell engulfs a drug molecule-essentially a cell eats it

Question 47

factors the effect drug absorption

Answer 47

mechanism of absorption, blood supply to the area, solubility of the drug

Question 48

extra label use

Answer 48

using the drug for an animal that is not on the manufactures label

Question 49

why are generics cheaper than name brand

Answer 49

the brand name does all the testing and research

Question 50

what must be established in order for a veterinarian to prescribe a medication to an animal

Answer 50

VCPR