Chap 1-2 Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Define ‘prehistoric’

A

All human existence before emergence of writing

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2
Q

Where are the oldest cave paintings?

A

Chaveut cave (France)

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3
Q

Principal sites where cave paintings were found (4)

A

Chauvet cave, pech-Merle, Lascany, Altamira (Spain)

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4
Q

Discuss changes from paleo to Neolithic

A

Organized system of agriculture, kept herds and animals, permanent settlements

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5
Q

What is a theory about cave paintings?

A

Human nature to decorate themselves and surroundings

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6
Q

What could early figurines of women mean?

A

Health, fertility, strong children > survival of clan

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7
Q

Techniques used in cave paintings?

A

Positive/negative imaging using hand (blowpipe)
Chewing charcoal
Scratching figures

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8
Q

Describe and explain Significance of lion-human

A

Human with lion head
Instead of copying, the carver made something out of imagination
Shows highly complex thinking and creative imagination

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9
Q

Describe woman from willendorf

A

Round form
Exaggerated female attributes
May express health and fertility, which guarantee strong children to continue the clan

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10
Q

Describe woman from Ostrava petrkovice

A

Youthful, athletic figure in animated pose, as if walking

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11
Q

Describe woman from brassempouy

A

Carver captured essence of head through memory image

Abstract, very general

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12
Q

3 possible reasons for cave paintings

A

Might be products of totemistic rites to strengthen clan bonds and increase ceremonies to enhance fertility of livestock
Sympathetic magic, but disproved because animals uses for food were not drawn
Places of worship and initiation rites

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13
Q

Describe lamassu

A

Human headed winged lion sculpture viewed from side and front

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14
Q

Describe the great lyre with bully’s head

A

Lapis lazuli beard
Lapis lazuli is sign of widespread trade
Long hair/beard means semi divine status
Lyres used for funeral rites

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15
Q

Describe stele of naram-sin

A

Celebrates one of naram-sin’s victories over people of zagros mountains

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16
Q

Describe head of a man (Akkadian ruler)

A

Shows generalized male ideal
Beard indicates royalty
Deliberate damage was to symbolically mutilated to destroy its power

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17
Q

Describe assurbanipal and his queen in the garden

A

Scene of relaxation. Victory celebration
Weapons are on table
Severed head hangs from tree

18
Q

How to do double side coining

A

Punch and anvil, each held a mold.

But the metal and hit with a hammer

19
Q

Lost wax casting

A

Core is image in wax. Mold is formed over it. Wax is melted and replaced with metal.
Mold is broken away and tada

20
Q

What was the first village found?

A

Skara-brae

21
Q

Pattern art in pottery?

A

Cross hatching

22
Q

Samban

A

Sumer, akkad, neo Sumer, Babylonia, Assyria, neo Babylonia

23
Q

In between what powers were the hotties at power?

A

Babylonia and assyrian

24
Q

What were the first four civilizations?

A

Nile, Mesopotamia, yellow river, india

25
Q

What was the Signifigance of rivers?

A

River makes agriculture possible, and therefore life

26
Q

Signifigance of Jericho?

A

First city state and had mud brick walls

27
Q

Signifigance of Chatal huyuk?

A

Second city state. Connected houses and walked on roofs

28
Q

Signifigance of ain ghazal?

A

First human figure found

29
Q

Where was the first human figure found?

A

Ain ghazal

30
Q

Why did lapis lazuli need patrons?

A

Expensive

31
Q

Describe statue of gudea?

A

River symbolizes tigris and Euphrates

He only rules lagash

32
Q

What is the only remainder of hittites?

A

Lion gate

33
Q

Origin of Sumerians?

A

First to develop Mesopotamia
Migrated from north
Filled city states with new

34
Q

What were the firs written documents about?

A

Business records, Hammurabi etc

35
Q

Purpose and appearance of ziggurat?

A

Proclaimed wealth prestige and stability of city’s ruler and god
Symbolizes lofty bridge between heaven and earth

36
Q

State of gudea inscriptions?

A

Dedicated himself, state, and temple to goddess Geshtianna, divine poet and interpreter of dream

37
Q

Shamash?

A

God of sun ad justice

38
Q

Themes in Persepolis sculptures?

A

Extent of empire
Economic prosperity
Allegiance
Animal combats (ferocity of leaders)

39
Q

Ishtar gate

A

In front of Babylon

Glazed bricks

40
Q

Imperial complex at Persepolis describe

A

Elegant drawing, balanced composition, sleek modeling
Knowledge of Greek art
Raised platform and rectangular grid (Assyrian)