Chap. 1 & 2 Quiz

Question 1

Biodiversity

Answer 1

The variety/diversity of life in the biosphere or ecosystem

Question 2

Species

Answer 2

A particular group of living things that can bear fertile offspring

Question 3

Biology

Answer 3

The scientific study of all forms of life

Question 4

Metabolism

Answer 4

All the chemical processes that build up or break down materials (often to turn food into energy)

Question 5

Biosphere

Answer 5

All living things and all the places they are found on earth

Question 6

Ecosystem

Answer 6

All living and nonliving things that inhabit a given area

Question 7

Organism

Answer 7

Any Individual Living thing

Question 8

Cell

Answer 8

The Basic unit of life

Question 9

Homeostasis

Answer 9

The maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism

Question 10

Adaptation

Answer 10

An inherited trait that give an advantage to individual organisms and is passed on to future generations

Question 11

Evolution

Answer 11

Change in living things over time

Question 12

Hypothesis

Answer 12

A proposed answer for a scientific question and occurs early in the scientific process, before the experiment

Question 13

Independent Variable

Answer 13

A condition or variable that is manipulated by the scientist

Question 14

Dependent Variable

Answer 14

Variables which are measured or observed in an experiment

Question 15

Atom

Answer 15

Smallest basic unit of matter

Question 16

Element

Answer 16

One particular type of atom that cannot be broken down further by chemical processes

Question 17

Ion

Answer 17

A charged atom (gained or lost an electron)

Question 18

Ionic Bond

Answer 18

Bond formed between oppositely charged ions

Question 19

Covalent Bond

Answer 19

Bond between two atoms that share electrons

Question 20

Molecule

Answer 20

Two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond

Question 21

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 21

An attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and another slightly negative atom (This gives water its unique properties between water molecules)

Question 22

Cohesion

Answer 22

The attraction between molecules of the same type (ie. water and water)

Question 23

Adhesion

Answer 23

Attraction between molecules of different substances (ie. water and glass)

Question 24

Universal Solvent

Answer 24

Term used to describe how water can dissolve many substances (solutes)

Question 25

pH

Answer 25

A scale from 0 (more acidic) to 14 (more basic) used to measure how acidic or basic a solution is.

Question 26

Carbohydrate

Answer 26

Molecules that include sugars and starches that supply energy and structure to life

Question 27

Lipid

Answer 27

Nonpolar molecules like fats and oils which are used for energy storage and membrane formation

Question 28

Protein

Answer 28

Macromolecule with many functions which are determined by how the molecule is folded

Question 29

Nucleic Acids

Answer 29

Polymer that is made up of nucleotides that store, transmit, and express genetic information

Question 30

Reactant

Answer 30

Substances that change during a chemical reaction

Question 31

Product

Answer 31

Substances made by chemical reactions

Question 32

Activation energy

Answer 32

The amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to start

Question 33

Exothermic

Answer 33

A chemical reaction which releases more energy than it absorbs

Question 34

Endothermic

Answer 34

A chemical reaction that absorbs more energy than it releases

Question 35

Catalyst

Answer 35

A substance that decreases the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction and speeds up the reaction

Question 36

Enzyme

Answer 36

Catalysts for chemical reactions in living organisms

Question 37

Substrates

Answer 37

The specific reactants that an enzyme acts on