Chap 1 - I/O Psyc? Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is I-O psychology?
The psychology of organizations, focusing on human behavior, cognition, emotion, and motivation within a workplace context.
I-O psychology is an applied field that combines scientific research with practical applications.
What are the major activities of I-O psychologists?
They focus on:
* Employee efficiency/productivity
* Employee health and well-being
* Job analysis and design
* Training and development
* Organizational change
* Employee performance appraisal
* Selection systems
* Conducting surveys
* Consulting services
What defines an organization in the context of I-O psychology?
A group of two or more people having a specific purpose, including:
* Profit-making businesses
* Government agencies
* Nonprofit entities
What are the two main issues addressed by I-O psychologists?
- Efficiency/productivity of employees
- Employee health and well-being
How do I-O psychologists fulfill their roles as scientists?
By conducting academic research to answer theoretical questions and contribute to the academic database.
What is the difference between academic research and practical research in I-O psychology?
Academic research addresses theoretical questions, while practical research focuses on addressing the needs of organizations.
Where do I-O psychologists typically work?
In:
* Colleges and universities
* Consulting firms
* Corporations
* Government
* Nonprofit agencies
What are some roles of I-O professors?
They:
* Develop and teach classes
* Conduct research studies
* Mentor students
* Present at conferences
* Publish articles
* Provide consulting services
What tasks do I-O practitioners perform?
They:
* Analyze job nature
* Conduct employee surveys
* Design performance appraisal systems
* Develop training programs
* Evaluate effectiveness of practices
What is the distinction between internal and external consultants in I-O psychology?
Internal consultants provide services to their own company, while external consultants work for multiple companies.
What is the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP)?
The largest professional society for I-O psychology, supporting research and practice in the field.
What historical events contributed to the development of I-O psychology?
Key events include:
* World War I and II
* The Hawthorne studies
* The establishment of I-O as a division of APA
Who were some early figures in I-O psychology?
Notable figures include:
* Frederick Winslow Taylor
* Hugo Münsterberg
* Lillian & Frank Gilbreth
* Walter Dill Scott
What is the Hawthorne Effect?
The phenomenon where individuals modify their behavior in response to being observed.
What are the training requirements for I-O psychologists?
A graduate degree (MA or Ph.D.) is necessary, with competitive entry requirements including GPA and GRE scores.
What are the APA ethical principles for I-O psychologists?
They include:
* Competence
* Integrity
* Professional and Scientific Responsibility
* Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity
* Concern for Others’ Welfare
* Social Responsibility
What is humanitarian work psychology?
I-O psychologists volunteering to assist developing countries, focusing on reducing poverty and promoting health and well-being at work.
Fill in the blank: The study of work efficiency and human behavior in industrial settings is known as _______.
industrial-organizational psychology
True or False: The main focus of I-O psychology is on the organization rather than the individuals within it.
False
