chap 12

Question 1

Motivation

Answer 1

an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal

Question 2

Drive

Answer 2

a state of tension produced by a need that motivates an organism toward a goal

Question 3

Homeostasis

Answer 3

the tendency of all organisms to correct imbalances and deviations from their normal state

Question 4

Incentive

Answer 4

an external stimulus, reinforcer, or reward that motivates behavior

Question 5

extrinsic motivation

Answer 5

engaging in activities that either reduce biological needs or help us obtain external incentives

Question 6

intrinsic motivation

Answer 6

engaging in activities because they are personally rewarding or because they fulfill our beliefs and expectations

Question 7

lateral hypothalamus (LH)

Answer 7

the part of the hypothalamus that produces hunger signals

Question 8

ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)

Answer 8

the part of the hypothalamus that can cause one to stop eating

Question 9

Fundamental needs

Answer 9

biological drives must be satisfied to maintain life

Question 10

Psychological needs

Answer 10

urge to belong and to give and receive love and the urge to acquire esteem

Question 11

Self-actualization needs

Answer 11

the pursuit of knowledge and beauty, etc, for the realization of ones unique potential

Question 12

Emotion

Answer 12

set of complex reactions to stimuli involving subjective feelings, physiological arousal, and observable behavior