chap 13 Flashcards
social psychology
what is the attribution theory
people are motivated to discover underlying causes to behavior
- internal/external causes
- stable/unstable causes
-controllable/uncontrollable causes
ohn thinks that all people who wear glasses are intellectuals. When he sees someone with glasses in a library, he concludes they must be a professor.
What biases is John displaying?
a) False consensus effect and stereotyping
b) Representativeness heuristic and stereotyping
c) Anchoring bias and false consensus effect
d) Availability heuristic and stereotyping
B
what is representativeness heuristic?
tendency to make judgments about group
membership based on physical appearance
Maria believes that people who wear glasses are smarter. When she sees a classmate with glasses, she assumes they are academically brilliant. This is an example of:
a) False consensus effect
b) Representativeness heuristic
c) Stereotyping
d) Availability heuristic
b) Representativeness heuristic
define self serving bias
tendency to take credit for success and deny responsibility for failure
eg: when a student pass vs when a student fails
define social comparison
process where we evalute own feelings and behaviour in relation with other people
define stereotype threat
fear of being judged on basis of negative stereotype of group
eg. “im not smart because im blonde”
name ways attitudes can predict behavior
1) when attitude is strong
2) when the person has strong interest
3) when attitude has been practiced
define cognitive dissonance theory and how it can be reduced
- the feeling of acting the opposite of what we believe in.
- can be reduced by changing our behavior or thoughts to match one another
define self perception theory
- the influence of our behavior on our attitude
name the elements of persuasion
1) the communicator (their credibility)
2) the medium (how message was conveyed)
3) the target (audience)
4) the message
In which scenario would the Foot-in-the-Door method likely be more effective?
A) Convincing someone to donate a small amount before asking for a large donation.
B) Asking someone to buy an expensive product right away.
C) Asking someone to agree to a large favor first.
D) Offering a discount after making a high initial request.
A) Convincing someone to donate a small amount before asking for a large donation.
define conformity
the change in behavior to be able to live up to the group standard
define obedience in social psychology
behaviors that favor the person in authority
what is social contagion
the spread of behaviour, personality emotions and ideas after awhile
social loafing definition
exerting less effort due to the reduced accountability in larger groups
symptoms of groupthink
- closed mindedness
- has pressure for uniformity
name 3 ways to avoid groupthink
- listen to all ideas
- include outside individuals or experts
- encourage members to speak out
