chap 6 Flashcards
Explain classical conditioning
learning that occurs when neutral stimulus is associated with a stimulus that produces response
Explain behaviorism
result of organism responding to a stimulus
explain operant conditioning
Learning based on consequences (reinforcement/punishment)
Explain Observational learning
when an organism observes and imitates behavior
explain unconditoned stimulus and conditioned stimulus
UCS: unlearned response that comes naturally
CS: Neutral stimulus that triggers conditioned response when paired with UCS
explain conditioned response and unconditioned response
CR: a learned association to conditioned stimulus
UCR: Unlearned/natural response
which of the following situation is classical conditioning
A. A child cries after seeing a needle because they were previously hurt by one.
B. A cat learns to use a litter box after receiving treats as a reward.
C. A teenager studies hard to earn a scholarship.
D. A person copies their friend’s fashion choices to fit in.
A
explain positive and negative reinforcement
positive reinforcement: increasing probability of behavior by adding rewards
negative reinforcement:
behavior that comes with removing unwanted stimulus (do homework, no nagging)
types of reinforcement and definition
primary reinforcement:
naturally satisfying things (food, water, hobbies)
secondary reinforcement:
becomes satisfying through experiences & repeated association
explain the 2 types of Punishment
positive punishment:
behavior after addition of memorable stimulus
negative punishment:
removing desirable stimulus to prevent behavior from occurring again
Name and define 4 processes of observational learning
1) Attention
focusing on behavior of others
2) retention
Remembering information so it can be learned and repeated
3) Motor reproduction
copying behaviour
4) Reinforcement
seeing if the consequences and behaviour of model mirrors how they act
