Chap 21, Haircolouring

Question 1

Why do people colour their hair? (5 reasons)

Answer 1

1. Cover up or blend gray (unpigmented) hair.
2. Enhance an existing hair colour
3. Create a fashion statement or self-expression statement
4. Correct unwanted tones caused by environment (sun, chlorine, etc).
5. Accentuate a particular haircut

Question 2

How does the hair’s porosity affect haircolour?

Answer 2

Porosity is the hairs ability to absorb mositure

Question 3

How many types of melanin are found in hair?

Answer 3

• Eumelanin: melanin that gives black and brown colors to hair
• Pheomelanin: gives blond and red colors to hair
• Mixed Melanin: is a combination of natural hair color that contains both pheomelanin and eumelanin

Question 4

4. What are levels?
   & What does the level system help you determine when formulating hair color?

Answer 4

• LEVEL is a unit of measurement used to identify the lightness oe darkness of a color.
• Level is the saturation, density or concentration of color.
• The level system is a system used by colorists to determine the lightness or darkness of a hair color.

*LIGHT is high in color, Dark is low in color.**

Hair colors levels are arranged on a scale of 1-10, with 10 being the lightest and 1 being the darkest.

Question 5

5. Name the Primary, Secondary and Tertiary colours

Answer 5

1. Primary: Red, Yellow, Blue
2. Secondary: Violet, Orange, Green
3. Tertiary: Yellow orange, Yellow green, blue green, blue violet, red orange, red violet

Question 6

What is the role of tone and intensity in haircolour?

Answer 6

The Tone: is used to describe the warmth or coolness of a colour

The intensity: refers to the strength of a colour tone and is describe as either soft, medium or strong.

Question 7

What are the categories of hair colour?

Answer 7

1) Temporary hair colour = removed by shampooing
2) Semi-permanent hair colour = lasts 3-6 weeks
3) Demi-permanent hair colour = lasts 4-8 weeks
4) Permanenet hair colour = remains in hair shaft until the new growth of hair appears or if it is cut.

Question 8

How does a hydrogen peroxide developer work in a haircolour formula?

Answer 8

A hydrogen peroxide developer is an oxidizing agent that, when mixed with an oxidation hair color, SUPPLIES THE NECESSARY OXYGEN GAS TO DEVELOP THE COLOR MOLECULES in order to create a change in natural hair color.

Question 9

10. Why is a patch test useful in hair colouring?

Answer 9

A patch test is placed on a customer’s skin and is used to see if a client has any allergies or sensitivities to the hair colour mixture.

Question 10

11. What is the preliminary strand test and why is it used?

Answer 10

The preliminary strand test determines how the hair will react to the colour and how long it will take to process.

Question 11

12. Explain the action of hair lighteners

Answer 11

Hair lighteners are used to create a light blonde shade that is not achievable with permanent hair colour

Question 12

13. What is the procedure for a virgin single-process colour service?

Answer 12

Single process-hair-colouring is a process that lightens and colours the hair in a single application.

Question 13

14. What are the two processes involved in a double process hair colouring?

Answer 13

Part 1 - Pre-lighten first (bleach)
Part 2 - Depositing colour is applied

Question 14

15. Name the various forms of hair lightener

Answer 14

1) Oil
2) powder
3) Cream

Question 15

16. What is the purpose of toner and when is it used?

Answer 15

Toners are hair colouring products used primarily on prelightened hair to achieve pale, delicate colours.

Question 16

17. What are the three most commonly used methods for highlighting?

Answer 16

1. Cap
2. Foil
3. Baliage or free form