Chap 35- Bowel Fx & Elimination

Question 1

How does nurse assess bowel function?

Answer 1

Ask pt when their last BM was
Inspection
Auscultation
Palpation
Percussion

Question 2

Nursing responsibilities for bowel fx

Answer 2

Assess
Promote bowel health (via diet,
Teaching and Prevention

Question 3

Digestion begins in ____

Answer 3

The mouth

Question 4

Small intestine comprised of

Answer 4

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

Question 5

junction between small intestine & L.I that helps to slow feces moving through and prevent backflow of feces

Answer 5

ileocecal valve

Question 6

Absorption takes place in

Answer 6

Small intestine (begins in duodenum)

Question 7

Large intestine comprosied of

Answer 7

cecum. colon, rectum and anus

Question 8

Motility of bowels is fast af in older adults. T or F

Answer 8

False- it is slow

Question 9

2 sphincters of anus

Answer 9

Internal sphincter –> Involuntary control
External sphincter –> voluntary control

Question 10

Functions of Intestine

Answer 10

Motility
Absorption
Defecation (Valsalva’s Maneuver)

Question 11

Two types of motility that assist w/ absorption & transportation through the full lengths of intestine

Answer 11

Segmentation
Peristalsis

Question 12

alternation of contraction & relaxation of the smooth muscle that helps the slowing of passage of intestinal contents to allow digestion & absorption of contents

Answer 12

Segmentation

Question 13

The speed of passage of intestinal contents effects

Answer 13

absorption

Question 14

movement that propels contents across the intestines

Answer 14

peristalsis

Question 15

What regulates the motility of bowels, where contents are constantly slowed down, but always in motion?

Answer 15

Autonomic Nervous system
Sympathetic- Slows down (Segmentation)
Parasympathetic- Speeds up

Question 16

partially digested food + digestive juices

Answer 16

chyme

Question 17

Stool is soft here _______
Stool becomes formed here___

Answer 17

Small Intestine
Large Intestine (particularly transverse and descending colon)

Question 18

last function of intestiine when peristalsis propels feces into rectum causing rectal distention

Answer 18

Defecation

Question 19

a breathing technique that involves forcefully exhaling against a closed airway; “Deep breath, bare down”

Answer 19

Valsalva maneuver

Question 20

Normal Characteristics of Feces

Answer 20

Feces 75 % water, 25 % solid
Dark/Light Brown (color comes from breakdown of bilirubin)
Soft, Formed
Cylindrical
Pungent- due to bacterial breakdown

Question 21

Major undigested fiber left in the feces after digestion and absorption have occurred.

Answer 21

Cellulose

Question 22

High fiber + fluid rich diet results in this consistency of stool

Answer 22

Loose

Question 23

Normal Frequency of BM

Answer 23

1-2/daily or
1every 2-3 days

@ about 100-300 g/daily

Question 24

Bright red blood indicates injury in the _______

Answer 24

Lower GI

Question 25

Dark red blood indicates injury in the _______

Answer 25

Upper GI

Question 26

Abnormal Feces Characterisitcs

Answer 26

Clay Colored, Yellow/ Green Black, Tarry Blood Pencil Shape

Question 27

Older adults Considerations w/ Bowel Fx

Answer 27

Weakened Pelvic Muscles Constipation/ Harder/Dryer Stools Mobility Issues Prolonged/ Slower Gut Transit Decreased Sphincter Control

Question 28

Factors effecting Elimination

Answer 28

Nutrition Lactose/Glucose Intolerance Fluid Intake Activity/Exercise (promotes peristalsis) Body Position (Sitting/squatting ideal) Ignoring urge to sh*t leads to constipation Lifetsyle Pregnancy Medications

Question 29

Fiber gives feces ______, which helps push intestinal contents through resulting in large formed bowel movement.

Answer 29

BULK

Question 30

What happens when an anal sphincter will relax?

Answer 30

Continuos ignoring urge to sh*t will result in sphincter relaxation, leading to incontinence/ lack of control

Question 31

Point of an enema is to ?

Answer 31

Clean out intestine, resulting in clear liquid

Question 32

When should bowel sounds return post op?

Answer 32

Up tp 48 hrs post op, or pt may have paralytic ileus

Question 33

Paralytic ileus syx

Answer 33

N&V Abdominal Distention *Treated w/ decompression by NG tube *

Question 34

WHy are stomas surgically created?

Answer 34

to provide an alternative route for waste or urine to leave the body when the normal path is obstructed; due to disease of bowel as well