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CNA > Chap. 4 > Flashcards

Chap. 4 Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Homeostasis

A

The condition in which all of the body’s systems are working at their best

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2
Q

Metabolism

A

Physical and chemical processes by which substances are broken down or transformed into energy or products for use by the body

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3
Q

Dilate

A

To widen

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4
Q

Constrict

A

To narrow

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5
Q

Atrophy

A

The wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscles from lack of use

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6
Q

Contracture

A

The permanent and often painful shortening of a muscle or tendon, usually due to lack of activity

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7
Q

Inflammation

A

Swelling

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8
Q

Autoimmune illness

A

An illness in which the body’s immune system attacks normal tissue in the body

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9
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

A type of arthritis in which joints become inflamed, red, swollen, and very painful, resulting in restricted movement and possible deformities

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10
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Common type of arthritis that usually affects the hips, knees, fingers, thumbs, and spine also called degenerative joint disease

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11
Q

Osteoporosis

A

A disease that causes bones to become porous and brittle, causing them to break easily

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12
Q

Menopause

A

The end of menstruation

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13
Q

Partial weight-bearing (PWB)

A

A person is able to support some body weight on one or both legs

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14
Q

Non-weight-bearing (NWB)

A

A person is unable to touch the floor or support any body weight on one or both legs

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15
Q

Full weight-bearing (FWB)

A

A person has the ability to support full body weight on both legs

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16
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis on one side of the body

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17
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Weakness on one side of the body

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18
Q

Expressive aphasia

A

Trouble communicating thoughts through speech or writing

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19
Q

Receptive aphasia

A

Difficulty understanding spoken or written words

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20
Q

Emotional lability

A

Inappropriate or unprovoked emotional responses

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21
Q

Dysphagia

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A

Difficultly swallowing

22
Q

Gait

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A

Manner of walking

23
Q

Paraplegia

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A

Loss of function of the lower body and legs

24
Q

Quadriplegia

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A

Loss of function of legs, trunk, and arms

25
Hypertension
High blood pressure 130/80 or higher
26
Diuretics
Medications that reduce fluid volume in the body
27
Angina
Chest pain, pressure, or discomfort
28
Respiration
The process of inhaling air into the lungs and exhaling air out of the lungs
29
Inspiration
The process of inhaling
30
Expiration
The process of exhaling air
31
Dyspnea
Trouble breathing
32
Urinary incontinence
The inability to control the bladder, which leads to an involuntary loss or urine
33
Digestion
The process of preparing food physically and chemically so that it can be absorbed into the cells
34
Absorption
The transfer of nutrients from the intestines to the cells
35
Elimination
The process of expelling solid wastes that are not absorbed into the cells
36
Fecal incontinence
The inability to control the bowels, leading to involuntary passage of stool
37
Constipation
The inability to eliminate stool
38
Enema
A specific amount of water introduced into the colon to stimulate the elimination of stool
39
Ostomy
Surgically created opening from an area inside the body to the outside
40
Stoma
An artificial opening in the body
41
Glands
Organs that produce and secrete chemicals called hormones
42
Hormones
Chemical substances created by the body that control numerous body functions
43
Diabetes
A condition in which the pancreas produces too little insulin or does not properly use insulin
44
Insulin
A hormone that works to move glucose from the blood and into the cells for energy for the body
45
Glucose
Natural sugar
46
Prediabetes
Condition that occurs when a person’s blood glucose levels are above normal but are not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
47
Gestational diabetes
Type of diabetes that appears in pregnant women who have never had diabetes before
48
Reproduce
To create new human life
49
Gonads
Sex glands
50
Tumor
Cluster of abnormally growing cells

CNA (7 decks)

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