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Exercise Phys- Ch. 5, 6 & 10 > Chap. 5- Energy Expenditure > Flashcards

Chap. 5- Energy Expenditure Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of food eaten will increase HEAT in the body?

A

60%

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2
Q

What percent of substrate is used for ENERGY?

A

40%

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3
Q

What increases with energy production?

A

Heat

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4
Q

What is a Calorimeter?

A

Measures temperature change during a certain time period.

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5
Q

What is an example of a Calorimeter?

A

Water in wall, goes in cold, comes out warm, measures body temp increase, also measures air.

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6
Q

Pros of a Calorimeter?

A

Accurate over time, good for metabolic measurements.

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7
Q

Cons of a Calorimeter?

A

Expensive, slow, heat added by exercise equipment, errors by sweat, not practical for exercise.

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8
Q

What does Indirect calorimetry measure?

A

Estimates TDEE based in O2 uses and CO2 produced; measure gas concentrations.

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9
Q

Cons of Indirect Calorimetry?

A

Older methods are accurate but slow, new methods are fast but expensive.

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10
Q

What’s sport uses Indirect calorimetry?

A

Swimmers

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11
Q

What does VO2 (DOT) mean?

A

The volume of O2 CONSUMED over a certain period of time, per minute.

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12
Q

What does the Haldane Transformation say?

A

O2 in may not equal CO2 out; Nitrogen in is equal to Nitrogen out.

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13
Q

True/False- O2 use during metabolism depends on the fuel type.

A

True

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14
Q

What is the Respiratory Exchange Ratio?

A

Ratio between production of Co2 and use of O2/- predicts substrate use, kcal/o2.

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15
Q

What are the limitations with RER(Respiratory Exchange Ratio)?

A

CO2 production may not equal CO2 exhalation

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16
Q

True/False: RER is accurate for protein oxidation?

A

False- inaccurate

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17
Q

List 6 different devices used to measure energy expenditure?

A
  1. Heart Rate Monitor
  2. Pedometers
  3. Accelerometers
  4. Self- Reporting
  5. Walking/Running
  6. Cycle Ergometers
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18
Q

What is BMR?

A

Rate of energy expenditure at rest

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19
Q

What is RMR?

A

Total daily metabolic activity

Easier than BMR, not stringent, 1,800-3,000 kcal a day, up to 10,000 athletes.

20
Q

What effect does Submaximal Aerobic Exercise produce?

A

High power outputs, VO2 increases, more type II

21
Q

What is VO2 Drift?

A

Upward drift even at low power outputs

e.g. train individual vs untrained, biological differences

22
Q

An example of Vo2 drift

A

Trained individual vs untrained

23
Q

What biological influences can affect VO2 drift?

A

Ventilatory, Hormone Changes

24
Q

What is VO2 Max?

A

Maximal oxygen uptake over a period of time

25
Q

What the best single measurement of AEROBIC fitness?

A

VO2 Max

26
Q

Why isn’t VO2 max the best predictor of endurance performance?

A

Other factors

27
Q

Average VO2 max amount?

A

11-12 min

28
Q

What other life factors affect endurance?

A

Nutrition, altitude, hormones, other factors that are affected, controlled setting versus actual performance setting

29
Q

What allows an athlete to compete at a high percentage of VO2 max?

A

Training

30
Q

How is VO2max during expressed?

A

L/min, normalizing for body weight

31
Q

Why do women have a difference with VO2max?

A

Lower FFM and hemoglobin

32
Q

True/False: No activity is 100% aerobic or anaerobic.

A

True

33
Q

Two factors that allow an estimate of anerobic effort?

A
  1. (EPOC)Effect post exercise O2 consumption
  2. Lactate threshold
34
Q

True or false: The demand of O2 is greater than what is consumed early in exercise?

A

True

35
Q

Why do we breathe heavy?

A

Recovery, O2 consumption is greater than demand early in recovery

36
Q

What is EPOC?

A

Exercise Post Oxygen Consumption

37
Q

What does EPOC try to do?

A

1.Replenish ATP
2. Convert lactate to glycogen
3. Replenish hemo/myoglobin
4. Clear CO2

38
Q

What can knowing the lactate threshold help determine?

A

The level of endurance

39
Q

Why does Lactate Threshold occur?

A

Lactate PRODUCTION rate is GREATER than CLEARANCE rate.

40
Q

What determines better endurance between two athletes with the same VO2 Max?

A

Lactate Threshold predicts better performance

41
Q

What is economy of effort?

A

The more experienced the athlete the less use of energy for given pace.

42
Q

Is there a relation between VO2 max and Economy of Effort?

A

No, they are independent of eachother.

43
Q

What 4 things(High) make a successful athlete? **

A
  1. High VO2 max
  2. High Lactate threshold
  3. High Economy of Effort (the more skilled the less energy)
  4. High % of Type I muscle fibers
44
Q

What is the biggest influence to daily expenditure?

A

Activity Level

45
Q

Body factors that influence daily expenditures?

A

Age, sex, weight, FFM

Exercise Phys- Ch. 5, 6 & 10 (7 decks)

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