Chap 7--Biologically Unique Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chap 7--Biologically Unique Deck (14)
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1
Q

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

A

The molecule of heredity, common to all life forms, that is passed from parents to offspring.

2
Q

Chromosome

A

A single, large DNA molecule wrapped around proteins. (Blank) are located in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells.

3
Q

Nucleotides

A

The building blocks of DNA. Each consists of a sugar, phosphate group, and a base. The sequence (As, Ts, Cs, Gs) along a DNA strand is unique to each person.

4
Q

Double Helix

A

The spiral structure formed by two strands of DNA nucleotides held together by hydrogen bonds

5
Q

DNA Profile

A

A visual representation of a person’s unique DNA sequence.

6
Q

DNA Replication

A

The natural process by which cells make an identical copy of a DNA molecule

7
Q

Complementary

A

Fitting together; two strands of DNA are said to be (this) in that A in two strands always pairs with T in the other strand, and G always pairs with C

8
Q

Helicase

A

An enzyme that unwinds and unzips the DNA double helix during DNA replication

9
Q

DNA Polymerase

A

An enzyme that “reads” the nucleotide sequence of a DNA strand and incorporates complementary nucleotides into a new strand during DNA replication

10
Q

Semi-Conservative

A

DNA replication is said to be (blank) because each newly made DNA molecule has one original DNA strand and one new DNA strand

11
Q

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

A

A laboratory technique used to replicate, and thus amplify, a specific DNA segment

12
Q

Genome

A

One complete set of genetic instructions encoded in the DNA of an organism

13
Q

Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)

A

Sections of a chromosome in which short DNA sequences are repeated

14
Q

Gel Electrophoresis

A

A Laboratory technique that separates fragments of DNA by size