Chap2 Vocab(L1,L2)

Question 1

Ampacity

Answer 1

Amp-carrying capacity of an electrical conductor. The contraction of amp and capacity create an electrical term for how much current a conductor can carry safely

Question 2

Atom

Answer 2

The smallest particle still characterizing a chemical element.

Question 3

Battery

Answer 3

Series and/or parallel combination of cells. A group of cells connected in series (More voltage) or parallel (more current)

Question 4

Cell

Answer 4

A single chemical structure composed of an electrolytic solution (sulfuric acid) and two different metallic electrodes (lead and lead peroxide).

Question 5

Compound

Answer 5

A material made from the chemical combination of two or more elements.

Question 6

Conductor

Answer 6

A material that easily passes electrical current. Examples include silver. copper. and aluuminum

Question 7

Electricity

Answer 7

A class of phenomena that results from the interaction of objects that exhibit a charge (electrons and protons.) In its static form, electricity exhibits many similarities to another naturally occurring force–magnetism.

Question 8

Electrolyte

Answer 8

Any material that will dissolve into ions when immersed in a liquid. The liquid thus becomes and electrical conductor.

Question 9

Electron

Answer 9

One of the three main components of an atom. The electron is a fundamental particle, and by definition has a negative electrical charge

Question 10

Element

Answer 10

The simplest form of matter. There are more than 103 known elements, 92 of which occur naturally. All matter is made from chemical combinations of elements.

Question 11

Gluon

Answer 11

The particle that mediates or transmits the strong nuclear force between quarks. The fundamental particle responsible for the string nuclear force.

Question 12

Insulator

Answer 12

A material that does not allow electrical current to flow easily. Examples: Rubber, plastic, and mica.

Question 13

Ion

Answer 13

An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons. A positive ion has lost electrons, and a negative ion has gained one or more electrons.

Question 14

Isotope

Answer 14

One of two or more atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 15

Matter

Answer 15

The material from which all known physical objects are made.

Question 16

Molecule

Answer 16

The chemical combination of two or more atoms. The smallest particle of a compound that has the same chemical characteristics of the compound.

Question 17

Neutron

Answer 17

One of the three main components of an atom. The neutron has no electrical charge and is therefore classed electrically neutral. The neutron has been shown to be composed of even smaller particles, called quarks.

Question 18

Piezoelectric

Answer 18

Electricity created by stress or pressure in a material–Especially a crystalline material.

Question 19

Primary Cell

Answer 19

A cell that cannot be recharged after it has depleted all of its stored chemical energy in the form of electricity.

Question 20

Proton

Answer 20

One of the three main components of a atom. The proton has a positive electrical charge. The proton has been shown to be composed of even smaller particles, called quarks.

Question 21

Quark

Answer 21

One of the fundamental particles of matter. There are six different types of quarks that are assembled in different combinations to create larger particles, such as protons and neutrons.

Question 22

Secondary cell

Answer 22

A cell whose chemical energy can be restored by forcing electrical conductivity.

Question 23

Semiconductor

Answer 23

A material that falls between conductors and insulators in terms of electrical conductivity

Question 24

Static electricity

Answer 24

An electrical charge that is stationary or nonmoving. Sometimes called triboelectricty.

Question 25

Strong nuclear force

Answer 25

The force that holds quarks together to make up neutrons and protons. The residual strong nuclear force is also responsible for the holding protons and neutrons together in the nucleus despite the electrical repulsion trying to force the protons apart.

Question 26

Thermocouple

Answer 26

A junction of two dissimilar metals that creates an electrical potential when heated

Question 27

Thermoelectricity

Answer 27

Electricity created by heat.

Question 28

Valence electrons

Answer 28

The electrons that make up the valence shell. Valence electrons are free to participate in current flow.

Question 29

Valence ring or shell

Answer 29

The outermost shell of electrons in an atom.