Chaper 2-Chemistry Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are properties of non-metals?
- Cannot be polished-usually dull or glassy
- brittle
- poor conductors of electricity+heat
- melt at low temperatures
- many are gasses at room temp
What are the properties of metals?
- solid at room temperature (except mercury-liquid)
- can be polished to produce high shine or lustre
- good conductors of electricity+heat
- can be beaten or bent into various shapes-malleable
- can be made into wire-ductile
- usually melts at high temperatures (except mercury-melts -44 degrees)
.
What are metaloids?
Elements which have features of both metals and non-metals
How many metalloids are there? Name them.
- Silicon, arsenic, boron, germanium, antimony, pollonium, astatine and tellurium.
What are protons?
Positively charged particles found in the centre of an atom. The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
What are neutrons?
Particles found in the centre of an atom with no charge.
What are electrons?
Negatively charged particles arranged in shells that move rapidly around the nucleus of an atom.
What are compounds?
Substances where the atoms of one element are (tightly) chemically bound to the atoms of another element/s.
Can the elements within a compound be easily separated?
No.
Are compounds similar to the elements from which they were made?
No. Compounds are very different from the elements from which they were made
What are elements?
Substances with only one kind of atom. They cannot be broken down into any other substances.
What are mixtures?
Substances made up of two or more elements, two or more compounds or of elements and compounds.
Can substances within a mixture be easily separated?
Yes.
Are any new substances formed when a mixture is separated?
No.
How can elements be separated from compounds?
By:
- passing electricity through the compound
- burning
- mixing chemicals together
How does respiration allow carbon atoms in the bodies of living things return to the air?
Living thing release energy from glucose and produce carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide released is taken by your blood to your lungs. It is returned to the atmosphere through respiration.
How does decomposition allow carbon atoms in the body return to the air?
Decomposers absorb some of the substances in the dead material and release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by respiration.
How does burning allow carbon atoms in the bodies of living things return to the air?
Substances containing carbon react with oxygen and carbon dioxide is released.
How does carbon atoms in living things get returned to the air?
Carbon dioxide is absorbed by living things. Living things turn the carbon into glucose. Other living things eat the glucose and they then return the carbon to the atmosphere through respiration.
