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histology > CHAPT 5-6 > Flashcards

CHAPT 5-6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Composed of TROPOCOLLAGEN

Collagen or reticular ?

A

COLLAGEN

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2
Q

Dense regular connective tissue is present

in

A

tendon and ligament

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3
Q

pluripotential cells that resemble fibroblasts . a contractile cell

plama cell or pericytes ?

A

pericytes

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4
Q

type II collagen in synovial joint

articular or synovial ?

A

Articular cartilage

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5
Q

Foreign-body giant cells are formed by the
coalescence

macrophage or monocyte ?

A

macrophages

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6
Q

cells responsible

for anaphylactic shock

A

mast cell

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7
Q

Composed of a protein core to
which glycosaminoglycans are attached.

proteoglycan or AA

A

proteoglycan

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8
Q

acts as a medium for exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and
tissues.

A

loose and dense CT

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9
Q

origin of connective tissue

A

o Embryonic mesenchyme (mesoderm; middle layer)

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10
Q

protein fibers of ECM

A

Collagen and elastic fiber

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11
Q

• colorless, transparent, gel-like material in which the cells and fibers of connective tissue are embedded

A

ecm

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12
Q
  • elastic fibers: from protein ELASTIN.

* Collagen and reticular fibers: are from?

A

collagen family

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13
Q

COLLAGEN TYPE III DEFECT

A

ehlers-danlos type IV

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14
Q

LYSINE HYDROXYLATION DEFECT

A

ehlers-danlos type VI

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15
Q

Types of collagen fibers that are most common

A

type I and III

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16
Q

o stain BLACK IN SILVER SALTS because of HIGH CARB content

o PAS positive

A

RETICULAR FIBER / AGYROPHILIC (SILVER)

PAS POSITIVE

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17
Q

o coiled, branching fibers forming LOOSE NETWORK

ELASTIC OR BRONCHI ?

A

elastic

o stain
• orcein and aldehyde fuchsin (DARK)

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18
Q

o rubber-like properties (lysine and proline)

A

elastic fiber

(elastin and fibrillin)

location: stroma of lungs, aorta

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19
Q

o predominant cells
o Have an oval nucleus with 2 nucleoli
o undergo mitosis except in wound healing

fibroblast or myofibrolast ?

A

fibroblast

eosinophilic cytoplasm
morphology: spindle-shaped

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20
Q

 Fibroblasts involved in WOUND HEALING / CONTRACTION

 Enriched with ACTIN and SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS

A

myofibroblast

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21
Q

 spindle-shaped (fusiform) with RER and golgi apparatus
 they produce PROCOLLAGEN
 EUCHROMATIC nucleus

active or inactive fibroblast

A

active

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22
Q

 revert to active state during WOUND HEALING
 spindle-shaped
 HETEROCHROMATIC nucleus

A

• Inactive Quiescent fibrocyte

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23
Q

o DO NOT UNDERGO MITOSIS
o Surrounded by BASAL LAMINA
o Produces HEAT

A

adipose cells

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24
Q

single LARGE fat droplet with SQUEEZED NUCLEUS
o have plasmalemma receptors
DO NOT increase in number

A

unilocular (white adipose)

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25
 Many LARGE MITOCHONDRIA
multi (brown)
26
basophil-like with • METACHROMATIC GRANULES  Primary mediator and • de novo as  Secondary mediator mast cell or fibrocyte
mast cells releases: heparin, histamine and cytokine
27
 they can change the color of some basic dyes (tooluidine) from blue to PURPLE or RED
• METACHROMATIC GRANULES
28
• Promotes vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction histamine or heparin ?
histamine
29
converts Phospholipid into ARACHIDONIC ACID (converted into secondary mediators). PHOSPHOLIPID OR PHOSPHOLIPASE
phospholipase | during TYPE I HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION (Anaphylactic reaction)
30
manufacture IgE antibodies
plasma cells
31
o eccentric kidney-shaped nucleus filopodia or PROTEIN
filopodia
32
o location: • subepithelial CT and accumulate in RESPIRATORY, GIT and Chronic inflammation area.  LYMPHOID CELLS or plasma cells
 LYMPHOID CELLS
33
 Initiate cell-mediated immune response. T or b cell
t cell
34
 differentiate into plasma cells, which function in the humoral immune response. t or b cell
b cell
35
 display cytotoxic activity against tumor cells
nk cell
36
 HUMORAL IMMUNITY |  antibody-manufacturing cells
plasma cell life span:10-20 days
37
o most abundant at wound entry sites or in areas of chronic inflammation. plasma or NK cells
plasma cells
38
• secreted by mast cells and basophils for allergic inflammation
o eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF),
39
o possess cytoplasmic granules | o At sites of inflammation, they leave the bloodstream and enter the loose connective tissue
granulocytes
40
o Releases CYTOTOXIN (cleave histamine and leukotriene C) to damage PARASITIC o most prevalent at sites of chronic or allergic inflammation baso or eosino
eosinophil
41
- Originate from myeloid stem cells during hemopoiesis
GRANULOCYTE, MAST CELLS macrophages and plasma cells
42
based on the proportion of cells to fibers, type of fibers
connective tissue
43
• Consist of:  gel-like amorphous matrix with STAR-SHAPED scattered reticular fibers MESENCHYME OR MOON ?
mesenchymal tissue
44
less fiber, more abundant CT proper DENSE OR AREOLAR ?
loose / areolar | -flexible
45
• Classified by orientation of fiber bundle DENSE OR AREOLAR?
dense CT
46
NO definite orientation OF FIBER BUNDLE irreg or regular?
irregular
47
• Location:  DERMIS  CAPSULES OF MANY ORGANS irreg or regular ?
irreg
48
uniform parallel fashion fiber bundles irreg or regular?
regular
49
• Location: o Tendons o Ligaments. irreg or regular?
regular
50
* Rich in neurovascular supply | * serves to cushion and insulate the skin
adipose tissue
51
• Adipose cells that synthesize Lipoprotein lipase which hydrolyze VLDL and CHYLOMICRONS white or brown?
white (uni)
52
has Many LARGE MITOCHONDRIA
brown adipose
53
• Function: o THERMOGENIN generate heat by uncoupling protein-1 (oxidative phosphorylation) brown or white
brown (multi)
54
 useful in regenerative medicine after grafting to replace damaged tissue. multi or pluri
- multipotent stem cells
55
 tooth pulp (Mesenchyme-like cell) multi or pluri
multi
56
- major signs of inflamed tissues
 “redness and swelling with heat and pain” |  rubor et tumor cum calore et dolore
57
 leukotrienes released in the lungs causing BRONCHOSPASM asthma or hay fever ?
asthma
58
 Localized edema in the NASAL MUCOSA  Excessive release of histamine from mast cells asthma or hay fever ?
hay fever
59
- CALORIC DENSITY: of trigly
9.3 KCAL/G (TWICE OF PROTEINS OR CARBOHYDRATES)
60
signet ring appearance with flattened nucleus white or brown
white
61
- Fetal lipomas of brown fat | HIBERNOMAS OR HYPERNOMAS ?
hibernomas
62
benign tumor of white adipose lipomas or edema ?
Lipomas
63
- Located in the back, neck and shoulders | - In ADULT: mainly found in kidneys, adrenal glands, aorta and mediastinum.
brown
64
activates hormone-sensitive lipase of adipocytes, promoting hydrolysis of triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol in brown adipose epi or norepi
norepinephrine
65
• Dietary fats brought to the cells as hdl or chylomicrons
chylomicrons surrounded by monolayer of Phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins.
66
 Synthesized from lipids in liver cells  Measured after fasting to allow depletion of chylomicrons vldl or ldl ?
VLDL
67
fatty acid combine with glycerol phosphate
TAG
68
PRODUCED BY WHITE ADIPOSE, which helps regulate appetite tag or leptin
leptin
69
stimulates glucose uptake by adipocytes insulin or fat ?
insulin
70
undifferentiated cells, with large euchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli
Mesenchymal cells
71
long-living cells; persists for months or years Also called histiocytes macro or mono
macrophages
72
Serves as antigen-presenting cells for activation and specification of lymphocytes macro or stick
macrophages

histology (4 decks)

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