Chapt1 Flashcards

(46 cards)

1
Q

variation and natural selection are the foundations of …

A

evolution

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2
Q

Darwin’s theory of evolution has been around for about …

A

150 years

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3
Q

chapter 1 includes a box called the face of Change. one point the essay makes is that…

A

many changes in our lives are imperceptible

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4
Q

the role of Natural Selection in the beaks of finches was the subject of research by…

A

Peter and Rosemary Grant

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5
Q

the gollypod, a fictitious aquatic animal, breaks out in a cold sweat whenever exposed to the sun. This reaction is most likely…

A

a reflex

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6
Q

the tendency of some animals to hoard food is probably an example of…

A

a general behaviour trait

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7
Q

the quotation “change is the only constant” is attributed to…

A

Lucretius

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8
Q

modal action patterns are induced by events called….

A

releasers

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9
Q

the chief advantage of learning over natural selection as a means of adapting to change is that learning…

A

is faster

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10
Q

the phenomenon that is nearly the opposite of habituation is…

A

sensitization

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11
Q

the person who demonstrated that the marching of tropical army Ants is not intelligent behaviour is…

A

Schneirla

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12
Q

the list of alleged human fixed action patterns…

A

has gotten shorter in recent years

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13
Q

one person who raised doubts about incest taboo is…

A

freud

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14
Q

in her study of baboons, Shirley Strum found that the most successful males were…

A

less aggressive than other males

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15
Q

the brown headed cowbird deposits its eggs in the nests of other birds. this is most likely a…

A

modal action pattern

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16
Q

learning is an evolved…

A

modifiability

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17
Q

according to David Buss, the work of Gregor Mendel…

A

had little or no influence to Darwin’s thinking

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18
Q

behaviour is anything an animal or person does that can be…

A

Measured

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19
Q

natural selection is illustrated by changes in the colouration of the peppered moth resulting from…

A

industrial pollution

20
Q

most mutations…

A

are not helpful to survival

21
Q

Keltner and Anderson suggest that …. may protect us from injury by appeasing others we have offended

22
Q

a reflex is…

A

a relationship between an event and a simple response

23
Q

there is evidence that the rate of… in foetuses is correlated with intellectual development after birth

24
Q

the rooting of pigs (for worms, larvae & truffles) is an example of a

25
the colour ... is a releaser for aggression in the male stickleback
red
26
learning is...
a change in behaviour
27
experience refers to...
events that affect behaviour
28
an ... is something an organism tries to escape or avoid
aversive
29
in the fox breeding experiment, researchers selectively mated foxes that displayed...
dog-like behaviour
30
Lee Cronk wrote an article on how evolved behaviour can prove non-adaptive when the environment changes. The article was called...
Old dogs, old tricks
31
... poked fun at the human tendency to see itself as the crowning achievement of evolution
Bertrand Russell
32
... refers to modal action patterns as complex reflexes
Howard Rachlin
33
Steven says that he was very nervous when he first attended college classes, but now he feels quite relaxed. Stevens loss of anxiety is most likely an example of...
learning
34
natural selection helps the individual adapt to changes in its environment
false
35
reflexes are generally less variable than modal action patterns
true
36
all reflexes contribute to survival
false
37
Darwin believe that there were no human instincts
false
38
a major problem with natural selection as an adaptive mechanism is that it is slow
True
39
research on the sexual orientation of sisters of lesbian women demonstrated that homosexuality is an inherited characteristic
false
40
natural selection helps the species to adapt to change, not the individual
true
41
your text views learning as a change in the brain that is represented in behaviour
false
42
learning always involves the acquisition of new behaviours
false
43
it is sometimes difficult to say whether an event is behaviour or physiology
true
44
the word stimulus always refers to events in an organisms surroundings
false
45
Darwin founded his theory of evolution on the work of Gregor Mendel
False
46
repeated exposure to a stimulus that evokes a reflex response results in...
habituation