Chapter 1 Flashcards by Kayla Grimshaw

Termin/o-

Boundary; end; word

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-logy

Study of

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Communicat/o-

Impart; transmit

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Medic/o-

Medicine; physician

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-al

Pertaining to

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Five language skills

Reading
Listening
Thinking, analyzing and understanding 
Writing (typing) and spelling
Speaking and pronouncing

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Etymology

Study of word origins

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Etym/o-

Word origin

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Latin singular noun ends in -us,

How to make plural

Change -us to -I

Exception fetus, virus, and sinus

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Latin singular noun ends in -a, how to make plural

Change -a to -ae

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Latin singular noun ends in -um,

How to make plural

Change -um to -a

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Latin singular noun ends in -is,

How to make plural

Change -is to -es

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Greek singular noun ends in -is,

How to make plural

Changing -is to -ides

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Greek singular noun ends in -oma,

How to make plural

Change -oma to -omata

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-ion

Action; condition

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Areola plural

Areolae

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Greek singular noun ends in -nx,

How to make plural

Change -nx to -nges

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Phalanx plural

Phalanges

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Greek singular noun ends in -on,

How to make plural

Change -on to -a

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Three types of word parts

Prefix- optional word beginning
Combining form - foundation of medical word
Suffix - the word ending

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Latin singular noun ends in -ex,

How to make plural

Change -ex to -ices

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Alveolus plural

Alveoli

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Conjunctiva plural

Conjunctivae

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Patella plural

Patellae

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Scapula plural

Scapulae

Sclera plural

Sclerae

Vertebra plural

Vertebrae

Bronchus plural

Bronchi

Glomerulus plural

Glomeruli

Thrombus plural

Thrombi

Atrium plural

Atria

Bacterium plural

Bacteria

Labium plural

Labia

Ovum plural

Ova

Diverticulum plural

Diverticula

Diagnosis plural

Diagnoses

Testis plural

Testes

Apex plural

Apices

Cortex plural

Cortices

Index plural

Indices

Epididymis plural

Epididymides

Iris plural

Irides

Carcinoma plural

Carcinomata

Fibroma plural

Fibromata

Ganglion plural

Ganglia

Mitochondrion plural

Mitochondria

Intestin/o-

Intestine

Laryng/o-

Larynx; voice box

Muscul/o-

Muscle

Thyroid/o-

Thyroid gland

Tonsill/o-

Tonsil

Ven/o-

Vein

Arthr/o-

Joint Related word Arthritis

Cardi/o-

Heart Related word Cardiac

Dermat/o-

Skin Related word Dermatology

Gastr/o-

Stomach Related word Gastric

Mamm/o-

Breast Related word Mammogram

Nas/o-

Nose Related word Nasal

Psych/o-

Mind Related word Psychiatrist

Cost/o-

Rib

Enter/o-

Intestine

Cholecyst/o-

Gallbladder

Hepat/o-

Liver

Hyster/o-

Uterus; womb

Lapar/o-

Abdomen

Chrom/o-

Color

Erythr/o-

Red

Rub/o-

Red

Jaund/o-

Yellow

Verd/o-

Green

Cyan/o-

Blue

Melan/o-

Black

Albin/o-

White

Leuk/o-

White

-ac

Pertaining to

-ar

Pertaining to

-ary

Pertaining to

-ic

Pertaining to

-ine

Pertaining to; thing pertaining to

-ive

Pertaining to

-ous

Pertaining to

-ation

Being; having; process

-ia

Condition; state; thing

-ism

Disease from a specific cause; process

-itis

Infection of; inflammation of

-megaly

Enlargement

-oma

Mass; tumor

-osis

Condition; process

-pathy

Disease

-ectomy

Surgical removal

-gram

Picture; record

-graphy

Process of recording

-metry

Process of measuring

-scope

Process of using an instrument to examine

-scopy

Process of using an instrument to examine

-stomy

Surgically created opening

-therapy

Treatment

-tomy

Process of cutting; | Process of making an incision

-ist

Person who specializes in; | Thing that specializes in

-ics

Knowledge; practice

-iatry

Medical treatment

Endo-

Innermost; within

Epi-

Above; upon

Inter-

Between

Intra-

Within

Peri-

Around

Post-

After; behind

Pre-

Before; in front of

Sub-

Below; underneath

Trans-

Across; through

Bi-

Two

Brady-

Slow

Hemi-

One half

Hyper-

Above; more than normal

Hypo-

Below; deficient

Poly-

Many; much

Quadri-

Four

Tachy-

Fast

Tri-

Three

Gemin/o-

Group; set

Pleg/o-

Paralysis

Later/o-

Side

Tens/o-

Pressure; tension

Neur/o-

Nerve

Cutane/o-

Skin

Append/o-

Appendix; small structure hanging from a larger structure

Appendectomy

Surgical removal of appendix

Mammogram

Picture of the breast

Spir/o-

Breathe; coil

Spirometry

Process of measuring the breathing

Mammography

Process of recording the breast

Colonoscope

Instrument used to examine the colon

Colon/o-

Colon

Gastroscopy

Process of using an instrument to examine the stomach

Psychotherapy

Treatment of the mind

Laparotomy

Process of making an incision in the abdomen

Psychiatry

Medical treatment of the mind

Dietet/o-

Diet; foods

Dietetics

Knowledge and practice of diet and foods

Therap/o-

Treatment

Therapist

Person who specializes in treatment

Cardiology

Study of the heart

Endotracheal

Pertaining to within the trachea

Trache/o-

Trachea; windpipe

Epidermal

Pertaining to upon the skin

Intercostal

Pertaining to between the ribs

Intravenous

Pertaining to within a vein

Pericardial

Pertaining to around the heart

Postnasal

Pertaining to behind the nose

Premenstrual

Pertaining to before the monthly discharge of blood

Menstru/o-

Monthly discharge of blood

Subcutaneous

Pertaining to underneath the skin

Transvaginal

Pertaining to through the vagina

Vagin/o-

Vagina

Bilateral

Pertaining to two sides

Bradycardia

Condition of a slow heart

Hemiplegia

Condition of one half (of the body with) paralysis

Hypertension

Condition of more than normal pressure

Hypothyroidism

Disease from a specific cause of deficient thyroid gland (hormone)

Polyneuritis

Inflammation of many nerves

Quadriplegic

Condition of four (limbs with) paralysis

Trigeminal

Pertaining to three (nerve branches in a) group

Sperm/o-

Sperm; spermatozoon

Esthes/o-

Feeling; sensation

Bi/o-

Life; living organism; living tissue

Ment/o-

Chin, mind

Phag/o-

Eating; swallowing

Nutrit/o-

Nourishment

A-

Away from; without

An-

Not; without

Anti-

Against

De-

Reversal of; without

Dys-

Abnormal; difficult; painful

Eu-

Good; normal

Mal-

Bad; inadequate

Re-

Again and again; backward; unable to

Aspermia

Condition (of being) without sperm

Anesthesia

Condition (of being) without sensation

Antibiotic

Pertaining to (a drug that is) against living organisms (such as Bacteria)

Dementia

Condition (of being) without a mind

Dysphagia

Condition of difficult or painful eating or swallowing

Euthyroidism

Process of a normal thyroid gland (function)

Malnutrition

Condition of inadequate nourishment

Respiration

Process of again and again breathing

Arteri/o-

Artery

Card/o-

Heart

Col/o-

Colon

Digest/o-

Break down food; digest

Pelv/o-

Hip bone; pelvis; renal pelvis

Pneumon/o-

Air; lung

Urin/o-

Urinary system; urine

HIPAA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (of 1996)

EPR

Electronic patient records

EMR

Electronic medical record

EHR

Electronic health record

Chief complaint

HPI

History of present illness

PMH

Past medical (and surgical) history

Diagnosis

D/C*

Discharge; discontinue

Discharge summary

Family history