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Physiology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Physiology

A

The science of body functions

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1
Q

Anatomy

A

The science of structure and its relationships

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2
Q

Order of chemical structures

A

Chemical- cellular- tissue- organ- system- organism

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3
Q

Integumentary system

A

Skin and its structures that help to regulate body temp and protect the body

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4
Q

Nervous system

A

Sense organs that help regulate body activities through nerve impulses

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5
Q

Skeletal system

A

All bones and joints that support and protect the body

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6
Q

Endocrine system

A

All glands and tissues that regulate body activities through hormones

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7
Q

Muscular system

A

Skeletal muscle tissue the allows you to move maintaining posture and produces heat.

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8
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Blood heart and blood vessels carries oxygen and nutrients to cells

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9
Q

Lymphatic system and immunity

A

Returns tissue fluid to blood and produces immunity structures and agents

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10
Q

Digestive system

A

Organs of gastrointestinal tract that achieve physical and chemical breakdown of nutrients and eliminate solid waste

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11
Q

Respiratory system

A

Lungs and air passageways that transfers oxygen from air to blood

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12
Q

Urinary system

A

Kidneys, bladder and such produces, stores, and eliminates urine regulates the chemical composition of blood

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13
Q

Reproductive system

A

Gonads that produce gametes that unite to form a new organism and release hormones to regulate reproduction and other body processes

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14
Q

Growth

A

Increase in body size (cell body size)

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15
Q

Differentiation

A

The process of changing Unspecialized cells into specialized cells.

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16
Q

Receptor

A

Body structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition and sends input (information) to a control center.

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17
Q

Control center

A

Receives input and generates output

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18
Q

Effector

A

Receives output and produces a response

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19
Q

Negative feedback

A

Reverses a change in a controlled condition (childbirth)

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20
Q

Positive feedback

A

Strengthens a change in a controlled condition (blood clotting)

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21
Q

Symptoms

A

Subjective changes in the body ( you can’t see them)

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22
Q

Signs

A

Objective changes (you can see them)

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23
Q

Anatomical position

A

Head stands erect, facing the observer, level head, eyes forward, feet are flat on the floor directed forward, arms at side, palms forward.

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24
Q

Head- skull-face

A

Cephalic-cranial-facial

25
Q

Eye-ear-nose-mouth

A

Orbital-otic-nasal-oral

26
Q

Neck

A

Cervical

27
Q

Breast bone-chest-armpit-arm

A

Sternal-thoracic-auxiliary-brachial

28
Q

Breast-navel-hip-abdomen-groin

A

Mammary-umbilical-coxal-trunk-inguinial

29
Q

Forearm-wrist-palm-fingers-hand

A

Ante brachial-carpal-palmar-digital/phalangeal-manual

30
Q

Pelvis-pubis-thigh-leg-ankle-foot-toes

A

Pelvis-pubic-femoral-crural-tarsal-pedal-digital/phalangeal

31
Q

Shoulder-shoulder blade- spinal colum

A

Acromial-scapular-vertebral

32
Q

Back

A

Dorsal

33
Q

Loin

A

Lumbar

34
Q

Between hips-buttock-hollow behind knee- calf-sole-heel

A

Sacral-gluteal-popliteal-sural-plantar-calcaneal

35
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head or upper part of a structure

36
Q

Inferior

A

Away from the head or lower part of the structure

37
Q

Anterior

A

Near or at the front of the body

38
Q

Posterior

A

Nearer to or at the back of the body

39
Q

Medial

A

Nearer to the midline

40
Q

Lateral

A

Farther from the midline

41
Q

Proximal

A

Near the attachment of a limb to the trunk/the point of origi

42
Q

Distal

A

Farther from the attachment of a limb

Or the origin

43
Q

Superficial

A

Toward the bodies surface

44
Q

Deep

A

Away from the bodies surface

45
Q

Sagittal plane

A

A vertical plane separating the organs to right and left sides

46
Q

Midsagittal plane

A

Passes through the midline of the body into equal positions

47
Q

Parasagittal plane

A

Frontal plane

48
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body into upper and lower portions

49
Q

Oblique plane

A

Passes through the body or and organ at an angle

50
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Formed by cranial bones contains the brain

51
Q

Vertebral cavity

A

Formed by the vertebral column contains the spinal cord and the beginning of spinal nerves

52
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

Chest cavity; contains pleural and pericardial cavities and mediastinum

53
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Each surrounds a lung the serous membrane of the pleural cavities is the pleura

54
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Surrounds the heart

55
Q

Mediastinum

A

Central portions of the thoracic cavity between the lungs contains heart thymus esophagus trachea and several large blood vessels

56
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity

A

Subdivided into abdominal and pelvic cavities

57
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

Contains stomach, spleen, liver,gallbladder, small intestine and most of the large intestine

58
Q

Pelvic cavity

A

Contains bladder large intestine and reproductive organs

59
Q

Metabolism

A

The sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body

60
Q

Epidemiology

A

The science that deals with why, when, and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted within a defined human population

61
Q

Responsiveness

A

The ability to detect and react to changes in the external or internal environment.

Physiology (7 decks)

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