chapter 1

Question 1

features in eukrayote cells

Answer 1

genetic material (usually DNA)
cell membrane
cytoplasm ribosomes
normally around 10-100 micro-meters

Question 2

cell membrane

Answer 2

holds the cell together, controls what goes in and out of the cell, separates the cell from the environment

Question 3

cytoplasm

Answer 3

a jelly-like substance where many chemical reactions take place inside the cell.surrounds sub-celluar structure.

Question 4

DNA

Answer 4

the genetic material that controls the activities of the cells

Question 5

ribosomes

Answer 5

where protein synthesis takes place

Question 6

features in prokaryotic cells

Answer 6

bacteria
genetic material not enclosed within a nucleus (single loop of DNA)
smaller then eukrayote and have plasmids
cell wall
around 1 micro-meter

Question 7

organells

Answer 7

organized, specialised structures in a cell

Question 8

nucleus

Answer 8

contains genetic material and controls what goes in and out of a cell

Question 9

cytoplasm

Answer 9

a gel-like substance composed of water which supports the internal cell and where most chemical reactions occur including anaerobic respiration

Question 10

mitochondria

Answer 10

site of where most reactions involved in anaerobic reactions occur, where energy is released to fuel cellular processes.
cells with high rates of metabolism(carry out many different cell reactions)
respiration occurs and power house of the cell

Question 11

plant cells

Answer 11

a cell wall which is made from cellulose(algal cells also have this structural feature)
a permanent vacuole filled with cell sap

Question 12

cell wall

Answer 12

made of cellulose(a polymer of glucose)

gives the extra support defining its shape

Question 13

chloroplasts

Answer 13

contains green chlorophyll pigments(to absorb light energy) and the energy needed for photosynthesis

Question 14

a permanent vacuole

Answer 14

contains cell sap a solution of sugars and salts dissolved in water
used for storage of certain material
also helps support the shape of the cell

Question 15

anaerobic respiration

Answer 15

type of respiration which cells can break down sugars to generate energy in absence of oxygen.

Question 16

specialised cell

Answer 16

a cell where it has different structure enabling to perform a specific function, a composition of subcellular structures in a cell and perform a process known as differentiation