Chapter 1 Flashcards
(48 cards)
What is the Continuum Model of Abnormality?
model of abnormality that views mental disorders not as categorically different from “normal”experiences but as lying somewhere along a continuum from healthy, functional behaviors, thoughts, and feelings to unhealthy, dysfunctional behaviors, thoughts, and feelings.
What is the term for abnormal psychology?
Psychopathology
What is the focus of abnormal psychology?
to focus on behaviors that are atypical or unexpected
What is a stigma?
a mark of shame or discredit
What are the for D’s of abnormality?
dysfunction, deviance, dangerous, and distress
Of the four D’s of abnormal psychology, what does dysfunction stand for?
behavior, thoughts, and feelings are dysfunctional when they interfere with the persons ability to function daily life, to hold a job, or to form close relationships. The more dysfunctional behaviors and feelings are the more likely they are to be considered abnormal that mental health professionals.
Of the four D’s of abnormal psychology, what does distress stand for?
behaviors and feelings that caused distress to the individual or those around them are also more likely to be considered abnormal. Many of the problems we discussed in this book cause individuals tremendous emotional distress, but how a person‘s behavior affects those around them is also important consideration.
Of the four D’s of abnormal psychology, what does deviance stand for?
behaviors that deviates from social Norm is another way to assess abnormality since behaviors are enveloped by cultural norms and practices within our community. Behaviors and to fire social expectations are easy to spot but they very in terms of the culture
of the four D’s of abnormal psychology, what does dangerousness stand for?
some behaviors and feelings, such as suicidal gestures, or of potential harm to the individual, whereas other abnormal behaviors and feelings such as excessive aggression could potentially harm others. Such dangerous behaviors and feelings are often seen as abnormal.
What does Mental Illness mean?
A common belief that behavior, thoughts, or feelings can be viewed as pathological or abnormal.
what is cultural relativism?
View that norms among cultures set the standard for what counts as normal behavior, which implies that abnormal heavy Haviar can only be defined as relative to these norms and that no universal definition of abnormality is therefore possible; only definitions of abnormality relative to a specific culture or possible
what is a biological theory?
theories of abnormality that focus on biological causes of abnormal behaviors
what are supernatural theories?
theories that see mental disorders as a result of supernatural forces, such as divine invention, curses, demonic possession, and/or personal sins; mental disorders then can be cured the religious rituals, exorcisms, confessions, and/or death.
what are psychological theories?
theories that view mental disorders are caused by psychological processes, such as beliefs, thinking styles, and coping styles.
what are the three types of theories that have been used to explain abnormal behavior?
biological theories, supernatural theories, psychological theories
what does trephination mean?
procedure in which holes are drilled in the skulls of people dislike abnormal behavior, presumably to allow evil spirits to depart from their bodies; performed in the Stone Age
what are psychic epidemics?
psychic epidemics are defined as a phenomenon in which large numbers of people engage in unusual behaviors appear to have psychological origin
what is tarantism
A psychological illness categorized when extreme impulse to dance preglent in Southern Italy from the 15th to the 17th century and why they believe that at the time to have been caused by the bite of a tarantula
what was the mental hygiene movement?
movement to treat mental patients more humanely and to view mental disorders as mental diseases
what was the movement of moral treatment
type of treatment delivered in mental hospitals in which patients were treated with respect and dignity and were encouraged to exercise self-control
what is general paresis
disease that lead to paralysis, insanity, and eventually death; discovery of this disease helped establish a connection between biological diseases and mental disorders
Driving away evil spirits
supernatural causes of abnormal psychology; treatment via exorcism or trephination, which in sections of the school are drill or cut away to allow evil spirits to go out of the body
ancient China balancing yin and yang
Abnormal behavior caused by ambulance a positive (yang) and negative (yin) forces in the body. Emotions control by internal organs. Evil winds/ghost bewitched people influencing behavior (taoist/Buddhist view)
ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome: biological theories dominate
Biological causes of abnormal behavior, rejected super natural causes. hysteria refers to psychological symptoms caused by physical processes. Diseases result from imbalances in bodies essential humors.
