Chapter 1 Flashcards by Taylor Biggs

a diligent systematic inquiry or study that validates and refines existing knowledge and develops new knowledge

research

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a scientific process that validates and refines existing knowledge and generates new knowledge that directly and indirectly influences nursing practice

nursing research

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the unique combo of the best research evidence brings implemented by expert nurse clinicians in providing care to PT and families with specific health circumstances and values to promote quality, safe, cost effective outcomes

EBP

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What are the 3 elements of EBP?

Best research evidence (ex: evidence based guidelines for assessment and management of HTN)
Nurses clinical expertise (ex: RN’s and students management of HTN
Patients circumstances and values (ex: adult <60 years of age hispanic women with BP > 140/90 mmHg)

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why is research important for EBP? (DII)

D = Develops empirical knowledge (data driven) base

I = identifies best practices that are based on clinical practices

I = improve outcomes for: patient and family, the nurse, and the healthcare system

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Discuss the past and present activities influencing research in nursing.

Florence nightingale started the research in the 19th century, clinical research, timeline 2000 = healthy people 2030, NIH —> NINR (funding agency for research)
Nursing research has evolved slowly over the years.
Nursing research began in the 19th century with Nightingale.
Clinical research is the current major focus of nursing research and will continue to be so throughout the 21st century.

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Nursing research throughout the 21st century:

2000 - HP2010
2000 - biological research for nursing
2002 - joint commission revised policies to support EB care
2004 - worldview of EB nursing
2010 - HP2020
2016 - NINR (national institute of nursing research) mission statement and strategic plan updated
2017 - AACN leading initiatives of research

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The ________ of ____________ research and funding has expanded from the treatment of illness to include health promotion and illness prevention.

focus
healthcare

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truths or beliefs based on customs or trends, transferred by role modeling and communication. Ex: procedure manuals in hospital

traditions

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person with expertise and power is able to influence. This is illustrated when a person credits another as a source of info. Ex: students going to instructors or publishers begins consulted

authority

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taking info from other disciplines such as meds, psychology… using knowledge of other fields to guide the nursing practice

borrowing

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approach used with unknown outcomes in situations of uncertainty when other sources of knowledge are unable. Knowledge is gained from experience.

trial/error

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gaining knowledge by being personally involved. Ex: students are taught how to give IM injections in the classroom but don’t gain knowledge until they are in a clinical setting doing it themselves

personal experience

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learning by imitating an expert; ex: a nurse that is higher up than you and watching what they are doing and how they work as a nurse

role modeling

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understanding of a situation as a whole that a person usually cannot explain logically. Incorporated a deep knowledge. Ex: nurse recognizing a PT is having a stroke by assessing the condition, intervening, and contracting the HCP

intuition

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processing and organizing ideas to reach a conclusion. Making sense of thoughts, experiences, and research evidence.
Inductive and deductive

reasoning

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related to the qualitative study and the qualitative study (specific observation/cases —> creates the general theory or statement) specific —> general. Qualitative = inductive

inductive reasoning

related to quantitive, starting from a general idea, theory, using a hypothesis. Do a specific conformation, deductive reasoning = quantitative

deductive reasoning

the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.

research

Positivism
Numbers
Large sample
Survey, big data, questionnaires
Statistical analysis
Mostly closed ?’s
Deductive
Test theory

Quantitative: Formal objective systematic data

explores (measures) what is

descriptive research

examines how concepts and characteristics are related to each other

correlational research

studies manipulate one aspect of a controlled situation to examine and effect the change on outcomes.

quasi-experimental/experimental

Naturalist
Words
Small sample
Interview, focus group
In-depth analysis
Open-ended questions
Inductive
Develop theory

Qualitative: systematic subjective approach, give the meaning

is an inductive research approach used to describe an experience as it is lived by an individual such as the lived experience of chronic pain

Phenomenological research

is an inductive research technique used to formulate, text, and refine a theory about a particular phenomenon

Grounded theory

was developed by the discipline of anthropology for investigating cultures through an in-depth study of the members of the culture

Ethnographic research

is conducted to address an issue and or problem in need of a solution and or understanding

Exploratory-descriptive research

a narrative description or analysis of events that occurred in the remote or recent past

Historical research

synthesis of findings

mixed methods

quality assessment and quality assurance

outcome research

Both quantitative and qualitative =

systematic

description

What is the nature of this phenomenon? What is the scope of this phenomenon? What are key characteristics of this phenomenon? Under what conditions is this phenomenon likely to occur?

Why does this phenomenon occur? Clarify relationships among phenomena

explanation

When are certain events likely to occur? Identify conditions leading to a phenomenon.

Prediction

if a situation is manipulated, then what will be the outcome?

control

Discuss your role in research as a professional nurse.

Identify the research problems Assist with data collection Critique research studies Summarize research findings for use in practice BSN have knowledge of research knowledge and skills Can provide assistance in research projects Can obtain articles to research Able to critique the research article, can not do research on own till MSN, Doctorate

is an initiative focused on developing the requisite knowledge, skills, and attitude (KSA) statements for each of the competencies for pre-licensure and graduate education

QSEN (Quality and safety education for nurses)

integrating the best current evidence with clinical expertise and patient/family preferences and values for delivery of optional health care (QSEN, 2017)

EBP competency

is essential info that is acquired in a variety of ways and is expected to be an accurate reflection of reality that is used to direct a persons action.

knowledge

8 ways to acquire knowledge in nursing (ABIPTTRR)

Authority Borrowing Intuition Personal experience Traditions Trial and error Reasoning Role modeling

Examine the levels of research evidence available to nurses for practice

Level 1 = top systematic review and meta-analysis Level 2 = randomized controlled trial (RCT) or experimental study Level 3 = Quasi-experimental study Level 4 = mixed-methods systematic review and qualitative meta synthesis Level 5 = descriptive correlational, predictive correlational, and cohort studies Level 6 = descriptive study and qualitative study Level 7 = based on opinions being the weakness; options of expert committees and authorities Weak (bottom) —> strong (top) of pyramid