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Human Physiolgy > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of what structure and shape of the body, parts, and their relationship to one another

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2
Q

Physiology

A

Study of how the human body works

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3
Q

How is the human body formed

A

Chemicals > cells > tissues > organs > organ systems > body

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4
Q

Homeostasis

A

Body maintains stable, internal conditions no matter what changes are happening outside the body

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5
Q

Directional terms

A

Describes where one body part is in relation to another

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6
Q

Distal

A

Further from trunk

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7
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to trunk

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8
Q

Lateral

A

Away from midline

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9
Q

Medial

A

Closer from midline

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10
Q

Anterior/Ventral

A

Front side

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11
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

Back side

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12
Q

Superior

A

Closer to head

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13
Q

Inferior

A

Farther from head

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14
Q

Superficial

A

Shallow; closer to the surface

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15
Q

Deep

A

Farther from surface

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16
Q

Plantar

A

Bottom of foot

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17
Q

Dorsal

A

Top of foot

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18
Q

Anatomical position

A

Facing forward, palms face forward

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19
Q

Midsagittal/Median Plane

A

Divides left and right of the body vertically

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20
Q

Frontal/CoronalPlane

A

Divides front and back of the body vertically

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21
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body horizontally at the hip

22
Q

Movement

A

All activity promoted by the muscular system

23
Q

Responsiveness

A

Ability to react to changes (senses)

24
Q

Digestion

A

Process of breaking down ingested food to simple molecules

25
Metabolism
Refers to all chemical reactions that occur in the body
26
Excretion
Process of removing excreta or waste
27
Reproduction
Production of offspring, can occur on cellular or organismal level
28
Growth
An increase in size, normally done by an increase in cells
29
Nutrients
Taken in via diet, contains chemicals used for energy and cell-building
30
Oxygen
Let chemical; all other nutrients and useless without it
31
Respiratory System
Network of tissues and organs to help breathe. Contains the lungs and blood vessels
32
Skeletal system
Allows movement of body, gives body shape, creates blood cells, stores minerals, and provides protection for organs. Contains tendons, ligaments, and spine
33
Muscular system
Consists of skeletal, smooth, cardiac muscles, allows the movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulated blood around the body. Contains Heart, digestive organs, blood vessels
34
Nervous system
Command center of the body, it controls your movements and thoughts through the brain
35
Endocrine system
Made up of different hormones, regulates all biological process from birth through adulthood. Causes the growth of the brain, nervous, and reproductive system. Contains the Thyroid, Pituiary Gland, Pancreas, and Hypothaimus
36
Cardiovascular system
Pumps blood throughout body, kills bacteria and viruses. Contains Heart, Spleen, Arteries, Veins
37
Lymphatic system
Maintains fluid levels in our body tied duds by removing all fluids that leak out of blood vessels. Contains Lymph node, Thymus, Lymphatic Vessel, Spleen, Tonsils
38
Integumentary system
The skin. Maintains body temperature, cell fluid maintenance, synthesis of Vitamin D, and stimuli detection. It also served as a barrier for vital organs.
39
Reproductive system
Produces offspring, nurtures and births offspring. Male: Testes, Penis, Scrotum Female: vagina, uterus, ovaries, vaginal canal, fallopian tubes
40
Digestive system
Takes in nutrients, consumes energy, then disposes of leftovers with waste
41
Urinary system
Removes water, filters blood. Contains bladder, kidneys, renal pelvis, ureter, urethra
42
Abdomen
Split into 4 Quadrants and 9 Regions
43
Right Upper Quadrant
Liver, Stomach, Gallbladder, Duodenum, small intestine, Right Kidney, Pancreas, Transverse Colon, Right Adrenal gland
44
Left upper Quadrant
Liver, Left adrenal gland, stomach, left kidney, pancreas, spleen, transverse colon, small intestine
45
Right Lower Quadrant
Large intestine, cecum, appendix, right ureter.
46
Left lower quadrant
Small intestine, large intestine, left ureter, sigmoid colon
47
Right & Left Regions
Hypochondriac, Lumbar, Iliac
48
Middle Regions
Midclavicular Planes, Epigastric, Umbilical, Hypogastric
49
Hypochondriac meaning
Hypo: Below, under Chondriac: cartilage of ribs
50
Gastric meaning
Stomach

Human Physiolgy (7 decks)

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