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The Contemporary World > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the very important change or the “most important”?

A

Globalization

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2
Q

A swedish journalist who saw globalization as “the process of a world shrinkage, of distance getting shorter, things moving closer.” It pertains the increasing ease with each somebody on the side of the world can interact, to mutual benefits of somebody on the other side of the world.

A

Thomas Larsson

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3
Q

The third president of the TWN in Malaysia, once regarded globalization as colonization.

A

Martin Khor

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4
Q

Globalization means the onset of the borderless world.

A

Example of broad and inclusive type of definition

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5
Q

Definition that is better justified but can be limiting, in the sense that their application can adhere to only one particular definition.

A

Narrow and exclusive

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6
Q

Two definitions of globalization based on literature.

A
  1. broad and inclusive
  2. Narrow and exclusive
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7
Q

Who said that globalization could bring either or both integration or fragmentation

A

Ritzer

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8
Q

Who wrote the definition that suggests the perspective of the author on the origins and the geopolitical implications of globalization.

A

Al-Rhodan

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9
Q

Who said that globalization is a debate and a debate is a globalization. One become part and parcel of the other.

A

Cesare Poppi

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10
Q

Ritzer said on what article that “attitude towards globalization depends on the other thing whether one gains or loses it.

A

The Globalization of Nothing

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11
Q

It refers to the barriers that prevent or make difficult the movement of things.

A

Solidity

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12
Q

Example of Man-made barrier.

A

Great wall of china and berlinwall

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13
Q

Example of modern man made

A

Nine-dash line

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14
Q

It refers to the increasing ease of movement of people, things, information, and place in the contemporary world.

A

Liquidity

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15
Q

Who have much to say about the characteristics of liquid?

A

Zygmunt Bauman

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16
Q

What are the crucial elements of globalization?

A

Time and space

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17
Q

Another characteristics of liquid phenomenon

A

Their movement is difficult to stop

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18
Q

Important characteristic of liquid

A

Tends to melt whatever stands in its path(especially solid)”

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19
Q

What are the two that in constant interaction.

A

Solid and Liquid

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20
Q

What is the one increasing and proliferating today?

A

Liquid

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21
Q

What is the metaphor that could best describe the Globalization?

A

Liquidity

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22
Q

The literature in globalization makes use of the concept of what?

A

Flows

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23
Q

Movement of people, things, places, and information brought by the growing “porosity” of global limitations.

A

Flows

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24
Q

Give an example of other kinds of flow that can be observed today:

A
  • poor illegal migrants flooding many parts of the world
  • the virtual flow of legal and illegal information such as blogs and child pornography
  • respectively
  • immigrants recreating ethnic enclaves in host countries
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25
It refers to the increasing sameness in the world as cultural inputs, economic factors, and political orientations of societies expand to create common practices, same economies and similar forms of government.
Homogeneity
26
Homogeneity in culture is often link to what? This means that a given culture influences other cultures.
Cultural Imperialism
27
What is the product of Homogeneity in economic globalization?
Global economic crises
28
This means only one political orientation is growing in today's society.
McWorld
29
It is often characterized as media imperialism.
Global flow of media
30
Undermines the existence of the alternative global media originating from developing countries.
Media imperialism
31
This can be seen as an arena for alternative media.
Internet
32
This denies the agency of viewers, but people around world often interpret the same medium (e.g., movie) in significantly different ways.
Cultural Imperialism
33
It was dominated by a small number of large corporations.
Global media
34
Who said "extended from old media to new media" What are these composition of new media:
McChesney Facebook, Microsoft, google, Twitter, Apple's iTune
35
What helps to counter the trend of internet that could end up being less diverse competitive, and associated with the alter-globalization. It disseminats information to facilitate global participation of activist.
Independent Media Center
36
What did Haktivist do to extend activism to the internet to promote a particular cause?
by hacking into computer programs
37
It is the process by which Western society are dominated by the principles of fast food restaurants.
McDonaldization
38
McDonaldization involves the global spread of rational system:
efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control
39
Globalization can aslo be seen as a flow of "_____" as opposed to "______", involving the spread of non-places, non-things, non-people, and non services.
Nothing to something
40
It pertains the creation of various cultural practices, new economies, and political groups because of the interaction of elements from different societies in the world.
Heterogeneity
41
Heterogeneity in culture is associated with _____.
Cultural Hybridization
42
Global forces interact with local factors or a specific geographic area, the glocal is being produced.
Glocalization
43
The alternate of McWorld. It refers to the political groups that are engaged in an "intensification of nationalism and that leads to greater political Heterogeneity through out the world.
Jihad
44
Emphasis the fact that cultures are essentially different and are only superficially affected by global flows.
Cultural Differentialism
45
The interaction of cultures is
catastrophic collision
46
Samuel Huntington's Theory
The clash of civilizations
47
Emphasis the integration of local and global cultures.
Cultural hybridization
48
This pproach stresses homogeneity introduced by globalization.
Cultural Convergence
49
One important critique of cultural imperialism.
John Tomlinson's idea of "deterritorialization" of culture
50
This means that it is much more difficult to the culture to a specific geographic point of origin.
Deterritorialization
51
Global flows involved people, technology, finance, political images, and media and the disjuncture between them, which lead to the creation of cultural hybrids.
Arjun Appadurai's "Scape"
52
Religionist rely on the dissemination of their religious ideas.
IT, transportation means, media
53
Muslims aspire to establish this community of believers.
Islamic Ummah
54
He approved the idea of de-hybridizing effects of religion. Maintains that such de-hybridizing upshots spring also from the religious partitioning and clashes.
Samuel Huntington's clash of civilizations
55
It reveals that majority of European consider that globalization brings negative effects to their societies.
Financial Times
56
This can counter the threats of an "ungoverned globalization", it refers to "all attempts to make globalization more palatable to citizen".
Managed globalization
57
Regional developments in one part of the world have affected the fueled regionalization everywhere else in a sort of what?
Contagion or Domino Effect
58
What are the four aspects of globalization?
trade, missionary work, adventures and conquest
59
The difference of this view from the second view.
Cycles
60
Epochs of globalization is also called what.
Waves
61
What are the sequential occurrence of the epochs?
1. Globalization of religion 2. European colonial conquest 3. Intra-European wars 4. Heyday of European imperialism 5. Post-World War 11 period 6. Post-Cold War period
62
It considered the rampage of the armies of Genghis Khan into Eastern Europe.
Economist
63
What are the three notable changes the origin of globalization today:
1. The emergence of the United States as the global power (Post-World War) 2. The emergence of multinational corporations (MNCs) 3. The demise of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War
64
This paved way to so called __________ where many global process spread through the world.
Free world
65
Becoming major force in global capitalism.
China
66
It is a singular historical period during which mortality and fertility rates decline from high to low levels in a particular country or region.
Demographic transition
67
Urges of people toward a better life:
Commerce, religion, politics, warfare
68
A great increase in dependency ratio was caused by what?
- the decline in infant and child mortality - high levels of fertility
69
Dependency ratio started to disappear because of what?
the decline in global birth rate
70
What cause a rise in dependency ratio?
the aging of populations
71
Categories of Migrants
Vagabonds and tourist
72
"Because they have to be"
Vagabonds
73
"Because that want to be and they can afford it"
Tourists
74
Refugees who seek to remain in the country to which they flee.
Asylum seekers
75
Who said that those who migrate to find work are involved in labor migration.
Kritz
76
Labor migration is driven by what factors
push factors and pull factors
77
Difference between push and pull factors
push is lack of employment opportunities in home countries; pull is work available elsewhere
78
Who said that the state may seek to control migration because it involves the loss of part of the workforce.
Shamir
79
Examples of push factors that governs the migration: how about pull factors?
- political persecution, economic depression, war, and famine in home country - favorable immigration policy, a labor shortage, and a similarity of language and culture in the country of destination
80
Countries that face illegal immigration
US, Great Britain, Switzerland, and Greece
81
Based on him, the Philippines is one of the leaders when it comes to the flow of remittances, next to India and China.
Malkin
82
Used to describe migrant communities.
Diaspora
83
Utilize technology such as internet to maintain the community network.
Virtual Diaporas
84
Types of Globalization
Political, Cultural, Economic, Financial, Sociological, Technological, Geographical, Ecological
85
Why state control the migration?
- it involves the loss of part of the workforce - influx of migrants can lead to conflicts with local residents - concerns about terrorism to restrict population grows
86
What are the perspective of global cultural flow?
Differentialism, Hybridization, Convergence

The Contemporary World (2 decks)

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