Chapter 1

Question 1

Database

Answer 1

A collection of related data

Question 2

Data

Answer 2

Known facts that can be recorded and have implicit meaning

Question 3

Mini-World

Answer 3

Some part of the real world about which data is stored in a database.

Question 4

DBMS

Answer 4

A software package/ system to facilitate the creation and maintenance of a computerized database

Question 5

Database system

Answer 5

The DBMS software together with the data itself. Sometimes the applications are also included

Question 6

Functionalities of DBMS:

Answer 6

Define
Construct
Manipulate
Share

Question 7

Functionalities of DBMS:
What is defined:

Answer 7

Specifying the datatype, structures and constraints for the data to be stored

Question 8

Functionalities of DBMS:
Construct:

Answer 8

Process of storing data on some storage medium

Question 9

Functionalities of DBMS:
Manipulate:

Answer 9

Querying the database to retrieve specific data, updating databases and generating reports.

Question 10

Functionalities of DBMS:
Share

Answer 10

Allows multiple users and programs to access the database concurrently

Question 11

Application interact with a database by generating:

Answer 11

Queries:that access different parts of data and formulate the result of a request
Transactions: that may read some data and update certain values or generate new data and stored that in the database

Question 12

Characteristic of the database approach:

Answer 12

Self-describing nature of a database system
Insulation between programs and data
Data abstraction
Support of multiple views of data
Sharing data

Question 13

Self-describing nature of database system

Answer 13

A DBMS catalog stores the description of a particular database
The description is called meta-deta
This allows the DBMS software to work with different database appltication

Question 14

Insulation between program and data

Answer 14

Called program-data independence
Allows changing data structures and storage organization without having to change the DBMS access program

Question 15

Data abstraction

Answer 15

A data model is used to hide storage details and present the users with a conceptual view of the database

Question 16

Support of multiple views of data

Answer 16

Each user may see a different view of the database which describes only the data of interest to that user.

Question 17

What is a view?

Answer 17

Is a virtual data not explicitly stored

Question 18

Sharing of data

Answer 18

A multiuser DBMS allows multiple user to access the database at the same time.
DBMS must include concurrency control.
OLTP major part of database application.
DBMS must enforce several transaction properties:
Isolation and Atomicity

Question 19

Actors on the scene

Answer 19

1)Database administration: administering primary/secondary resources.
2)Database designers: communicating with database users in order to know their needs.
3) end users: people whose jobs require access to database for querying and updating.

Question 20

Categories of end users:

Answer 20

Casual end users: access to data occasionally.
Naïve: updating database using command transaction.
Sophisticated: engineers , it…
Stand-alone: Maintains personal database.

Question 21

Actors behind the scene:

Answer 21

1)System designers: Design and implement DBMS.

2)Tool developers: persons who design and implements tools.

3)Operators and maintenance personnel: responsible for running and maintenance of hardware and software.

Question 22

Advantages of using DBMS

Answer 22

Sharing data among multiple users
Restricting unauthorized access to data
Providing storage structures
Providing backups and recovery services

Question 23

When not to use DBMS

Answer 23

When DBMS may be unnecessary:
When DB is simple and not expected to change.

May require additional hardware.