Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psycology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

(56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Nativism

A

The view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Philosophical empiricism

A

The view that all knowledge is acquired through experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

René Descarts

A

Believed the mind and brain were separate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

Belived the mind is what the brain does

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Franz Joseph Gall

A

Looked at damaged brains to see what the damaged brain may have controlled.
Developed phrenology
Believed you could feel the bumps of the skull to know the size of the brain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Phrenology

A

Developed by Franz Joseph Gall
A discredited view.
Believed that specific mental abilities were tied to specific regions of the brain. Believed you could feel the skull to feel the brain and learn about the person.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pierre Flourens

A

Removed parts of the brain to see what would happen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Paul Broca

A

Worked with patient with a damaged brain. Patient could understand but couldn’t speak.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

People that showed the mind is connected to the brain

A

Pierre Flourens
Paul Broca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Physiology

A

The study of biological processes, especially in humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A birthplace of psychology

A

Germany

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hermann von Helmholtz

A

First to record reaction time. Proved thought wasn’t instantaneous.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who taught the first psychology course? When and where?

A

Wilhelm Wundt
1867
University of Heidelberg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

First psychology lab? Who opened? When and where?

A

Wilhelm Wundt
1879
University of Leipzig

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When did psychology become it’s own independent field of study

A

1879

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Structuralism

A

Trying to determine the structures of the mind though analytic introspection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Wudnt tried to analyze psychology with the method of…

A

Introspection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Introspection

A

The objective observation of one’s own experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Edward Titchener

A

Wanted to identify what the basic elements of the mind were. Tried with introspection but didn’t go too well.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

William James

A

Developed functionalism
Believed consciousness must serve a biological purpose
‘Why’ not ‘what’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Functionalism

A

The study of how mental processes helped people adapt to their environment
Inspired by Charles Darwin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

G. Stanley Hall

A

Believed children developed through the stages of human history.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sigmund Freud

Study These Flashcards
A

Developed psychoanalytic theory.
Believed problems could be traced back to painful childhood experiences

24
Q

Psychoanalytic theory

Study These Flashcards
A

An approach that focuses on the importance of unconscious mental processes

25
Psychoanalysis
Focused on bringing unconscious material into conscious awareness to understand psychological disorders
26
The psychoanalytical movement...
Influenced a lot, from art to polotics
27
Why did Freud lose favour?
His video on human nature was wark
28
Humanistic Psycology
Approach that emphasized the potential of humans
29
Beyaviourism
Believed that psychologists should only study objectively observable behavior
30
John Broadus Watson
Believed in Behaviourism Believed study should only focus on observable behavior
31
Behaviourism is sometimes called..
Stimulus-response psychology
32
Burrhus Fredrick Skinner
Worked with reinforcement (mouse pressing lever for food) Believed free will was an illusion
33
Reinforcement
Stated that the consequences of behaviour determines if that behavior will be more or less likely to happen again
34
Why was behaviorusm replaced?
It ignored the mental processes that fascinated psychologists. Also ignored evolutionary history.
35
Max Wertheimer
Focused on the study of illusions Gestalt theory
36
Gestalt psychology
A psychological approach that emphasized that people perceive the whole rather than the parts
37
Kurt Lewin
Believed a person's behavior xan very understood by knowing their experiences
38
The emergence of the computer let to...
A reassurance of interest in mental processes and a new approach called cognitive psychology
39
Cognitive Psycology
The scientific study of mental processes, including perception, thought, memory, and reasoning
40
What did WWII do for psycology?
Saw that pilots couldn't multitask that well, multi-tasking isn't great.
41
Noam Chomsky
Showed that children putting together new sentences showed that not everything was learned by experience
42
Karl Lashley
Tried to find the spot of the brain that showed memory, it's not one specific part. Physiological Psycology
43
Physiological Psycology
Has grown into behavioral neuroscience. Links psychological processes to activity in the nervous system and other body processes.
44
When was MRI (noninvasive brain scanning) made?
Late 1980's
45
Cognitive neuroscience
A field that attempts to understand links between cognitive processes and brain activity
46
Social psycology
The study of the causes and consequences of sociality
47
Cultural psycology
The study of how cultures reflect and shape psychological processes of their members
48
Cultural psycology gained traction....
The 1980s and 1990s
49
Absolutism
Holds that culture makes little to no difference in psychological phenomena
50
Relativism
Hold that psychological phenomana are likely to vary across cultures and should only be viewed in the context of those cultures
51
Scientific approach
Systematically gather and evaluate empirical evidence
52
Basic Reaearch
Knowledge for building and/or testing theory
53
Applied research
Solutions to practical problems
54
John Locke
British Empiricism Mental events are a produce of physical events and can be studied (Chemicals in brain produce emotions)
55
Steps of the scientific process
Form a question Gather info - form a hypothesis Research Analyze data Build on knowledge
56
Good scientific theories have 3 features
Organize info in a meaningful away Testable Conforms to law of parsimony

Psycology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions