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People and Earth's Ecosystem > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The legal framework for learning the environmental science course.

A

RA 9512, 2008

National Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008

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2
Q

The Proponents of RA 9512, 2008

A

Primary: Loren Legarda

Supporting: Juan Miguel Zubiri, Francis Escudero, Lorna Regina Bautista Romulo, Sergio Osmena, Ramon Bong Revilla Jr.

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3
Q

Who signed the RA 9512, 2008?

A

Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

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4
Q

When was RA 9512 signed into law?

A

December 12, 2008

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5
Q

Enumerate the four contents of RA 9512

A
  1. Promote environmental consciousness
  2. Address environmental changes
  3. Inclusive approach
  4. Building a sustainable future
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6
Q

A dynamic field is a dynamic field that integrates a diverse scientific discipline to understand and address the complexities of our planet’s systems.

A

Environmental Science

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7
Q

A multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary academic field that utilizes a holistic approach

A

Environmental Science

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8
Q

What describes an approach to learning that involves the integration of knowledge from multiple disciplines?

A

Multidisciplinary

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9
Q

What are the importance of having a multidisciplinary approach to environmental science?

A

Quality Output, Holistic Approach, Disciplinal Arrogance

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10
Q

What describes an approach to learning that involves the integration of knowledge from multiple disciplines, blending this knowledge and methodologies can generate innovative solutions that will bring a better knowledge or concepts to solve problems

A

Interdisciplinary

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11
Q

Enumerate the eras in the evolution of environmental science. (in order)

A
  1. Paleolithic Era or “Stone Age”
  2. Neolithic Era
  3. Ancient Civilizations
  4. Industrial Revolutions
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12
Q

The era where environment is seen as a source of resource and most of its elements are used for survival.

A

Paleolithic Era or “Stone Age”

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13
Q

The era where environment started being used by nomads in becoming farmers to build communities.

A

Neolithic Era

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14
Q

The era where the sightings of environmental destruction started to emerge.

A

Ancient Civilizations

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15
Q

The era where engines were discovered, pioneered technological advancements, and urbanization.

A

Industrial Revolutions

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16
Q

The person who started the birth control methods and the emergence of the concept “Carrying Capacity”

A

Thomas Malthus

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17
Q

The founder of Sierra Club and the man behind the conservation of National Parks.

A

John Muir

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18
Q

The first environmental president who established the National Forest and Park Systems.

A

Theodore Roosevelt

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19
Q

The Father of wildlife conservation in the US and known for his concept of “land ethic”

A

Aldo Leopold

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20
Q

Famous for his book “The Sand County Almanac”

A

Aldo Leopold

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21
Q

Mother of Environmental Science Movement and is known for her book “Silent Spring”

A

Rachel Carson

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22
Q

Discovered DDT in fish tissues as a very dangerous substance for human health and the environment which eventually resulted to having the DDT Worldwide Ban.

A

Rachel Carson

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23
Q

What does that DDT stand for?

A

dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane

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24
Q

He is known for his book “Tragedy of the Commons” and became a cornerstone for the understanding of caring for our resources and environment.

A

Garrett Hardin

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25
Known for his 4 Laws of Ecology
Barry Commoner
26
Enumerate the 4 Laws of Ecology by Barry Commoner
1. Everything is connected to everything else 2. Everything must go somewhere 3. Nature knows best 4. There is no such thing as “free lunch”
27
When is Earth Day being celebrated?
every 22nd of April
28
When was the first Earth Day celebrated?
1970
29
What is the importance of the 7 environmental principles?
1. Guide for lawmakers, judges, and decision-makers in formulating policies 2. Environmental principles work together to ensure high environmental standards by directing lawmakers and other decision-makers to interpret the law.
30
Enumerate the 7 environmental principles
1. Everything is connected to everything else 2. Everything must go somewhere 3. Nature knows best 4. Everything changes 5. All forms of life are important 6. Ours if a finite earth 7. We are the stewards of the environment
31
What is the systematic process, steps/procedures to answer or solve a specific problem or phenomena?
Scientific Method
32
Enumerate the steps of the scientific method
1. Problem (Observation) 2. Research (Related studies about the problem 3. Make hypothesis (Predict possible results 4. Conduct the Experiment (Prove your Hypothesis) 5. Draw Conclusions (Analyze Results) 6. Share results (Publication)
33
What step of the scientific method is being perceived by the five senses, directly or indirectly?
Problem (Observation)
34
Process of gathering and analyzing information to increase our understanding of a topic or problem you want to study.
Research (Related studies about the problem)
35
Reliable sources of research/ related studies about the problem:
Scientific Journals, Online sources that are credible
36
Eliminates possible duplication of the topic you want to study or give you more background about the problem, see if there are really relationships or none.
Research (Related studies about the problem)
37
A tentative answer or a “wise guess” about an observed phenomena or research problem being solved.
Make Hypothesis (Predict possible results)
38
It is often an if-then statement and very specific
Hypothesis
39
Data that includes descriptions, historical facts and events, perception (survey, interview)
Qualitative Data
40
Data that includes numbers, everything that can be represented or measured in quantity of number.
Quantitative Data
41
Identify the type of variable: thing that you changed
Independent variable
42
Identify the type of variable: the thing that you measure
Dependent variable
43
Identify the type of variable: variable to be manipulated
Experimental group
44
Identify the type of variable: normal state of what is being studied
Control group
45
A statement based on the results and analysis of the experiment, measurements, and observations. It can either conclude or negate your hypothesis and possible future research that may improve results.
Draw Conclusions (Analyze Results)
46
Can be a good material for others who will be doing the same study in the future.
Share Results (Publication)
47
What is the etymology of the word environment?
French word “environer” meaning to surround or encircle
48
What is the definition of environment?
Encompasses everything “totality of the surroundings”
49
A specific community of living organisms interacting with each other and their environment within a defined boundary.
Ecosystem
50
What are the two types of environment?
Natural Man-made
51
What are the two components of an environment?
Abiotic Factor (nonliving components) Biotic Factor (living components)
52
What are included in the abiotic factor?
lithosphere (solid) atmosphere (air) hydrosphere (water)
53
What are included in the biotic factor?
floral species (all plants) faunal species (all animals)
54
Examples of living components
fungi plants animals protists archaea bacteria
55
Examples of nonliving components
soil light water air humidity temperature
56
What is the place on Earth's surface where all forms of life can be found?
Biosphere
57
In chronological order, enumerate the levels of biological organization
Cell Tissue Organ Organ System Organism Population Community Ecosystem Biosphere
58
The basic unit of life.
Cell
59
A group of the same cells that have common function and structure
Tissue
60
A group of tissues of the same structure to perform specific functions
Organ
61
A group of organs that work together in the body to perform a complex function
Organ System
62
An individual form of life
Organism
63
A group of the same organisms of the same species that live together in an area at the same time and are capable of reproduction
Population
64
Are associations of different populations of different species living and interacting at the same place at the same time
Community
65
A community of living organisms from different kinds of species interacting with the nonliving components in a defined boundary
Ecosystem
66
Where all forms of life exists
Biosphere
67
A model that illustrates how energy (sun) is transferred to one organism to the other.
Energy Flow
68
The study that deals into this energy transfer
Energetics
69
Biotic organisms that create their own food
Autotrophs/ Producers
70
Process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create their own food
Photosynthesis
71
Process by which food (glucose) is made by bacteria using chemicals as energy source
Chemosynthesis
72
Organisms that cannot make their own food, hence, they must ingest other living organisms
Heterotrophs/ Consumers
73
A linear view of who eats whom in an ecosystem
Food Chain
74
The feeding relationships in organisms
Food Chain
75
A network of interconnected food chains within an ecosystem, wherein it shows energy and nutrients are transferred from one organism to another
Food Web

People and Earth's Ecosystem (3 decks)

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