Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is a Cell?
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things.
What is a Cell Wall?
A cell wall is strong and stiff and it holds the plant cell in shape.
What is a Cell Wall made of? (PLANTS)
Plant cell walls are made of a substance called cellulose.
What is a Cell Membrane?
A cell membrane is very thin and flexible and it controls what goes in and out of the cell.
What is a Cytoplasm?
Cytoplasm is where chemical reactions happen inside it to keep the cell alive.
What is a Nucleus?
A nucleus is something that controls the activities of the cell.
What is a Sap Vacuole?
A sap vacuole is a storage unit in plant cells, holding water and nutrients, helping with cell structure and support.
What is a Chloroplast?
A chloroplast is a tiny plant cell part that turns sunlight into food (glucose) and oxygen through photosynthesis.
What is a Mitochondrion?
A mitochondrion is a cell’s power station, generating energy from nutrients.
What does a MICROSCOPE do?
A microscope makes small things look big.
What is the name of the part where you place the slide for viewing?
Stage
Which part of the microscope magnifies the image further?
Eyepiece
What is the name of the lens that provides high magnification?
High-power objective lens
Which lens of the microscope provides low magnification?
Low-power objective lens
What component of the microscope controls the amount of light passing through the specimen?
Mirror
Which knob on the microscope is used for rough focusing?
Coarse focusing knob
What is the name of the knob used for precise focusing?
Fine focusing knob
What parts of a plant cell that animals don’t have?
Cell Wall, Sap Vacuole and Chloroplast.
What is the specialized cell responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body?
Red blood cell
Which cell type is specialized for transmitting electrical signals in the nervous system?
Neuron (nerve cell)
What type of cell has tiny hair-like structures on its surface to move substances along surfaces, like in the respiratory tract?
Ciliated cell
What is the specialized plant cell found in the root system that increases surface area for absorption of water and minerals?
Root hair cell
Which plant cell type is responsible for photosynthesis and has a high concentration of chloroplasts?
Palisade cell
What does a brain do?
The brain controls everything we do, from breathing to thinking and feeling.
