Chapter 1 Flashcards
Thomas Hobbes
philosopher: wrote the leviathan, said that people need to give up some natural rights, if all agree and live in peace
John Locke
philosopher: believed in the natural law; law of God, everyone has born, natural rights to be free and equal. no one can be subjected to political power over another LIFE LIBERTY PROPERTY
Baron de Montesquieu
philosopher: wrote the spirit of laws, also believed in sovereign and administrative power in the government. also had the idea of republicanism THREE BRANCHES
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
philosopher: wrote the social contract; believed that all people could give up certain rights for the protection of society. also he believed in popular sovereignty
limited government
a government that is controlled and restrained: checks and balances, separation of powers, etc.
natural rights
natural law - law of God, all people were born free and equal. No one has political power over the other
popular sovereignty
the people have authority and influence over the government. The government makes laws in consent of the people.
republicanism
citizens elect people to govern them. the leaders job is to execute the laws of the public interest
representative republic
a collection of sovereign states gathered for the national interest, national needs, and national defense.
John Adams
founding father and was on the declaration committee
Benjamin Franklin
on declaration committee
Alexander Hamilton
federalist, apart of federalist papers
Thomas Jefferson
on declaration committee
James Madison
federalist, wrote federalist no. 10
George Washington
first president
Declaration of Independence
The intended purpose was to justify the need for independence for the colonists
U.S. Constitution
elite democracy
elected representatives make decisions, act as trustees for the people who elected them Ex: house of reps, senate
interest group
participatory democracy
direct participation of many people in government Ex: Ancient Greece Democracy
pluralist democracy
the creation of interest groups for people to share their similar beliefs and interests, making decisions Ex: Environmentalists groups fighting climate change
representative democracy
Anti-Federalists
those who opposed the ratification of the constitution because of its consolidation of states under a federal government
Federalists
those who want to ratify the constitution and want a stronger national government
